Oral Mucositis in Pediatric Oncology Patients: A Nested Case-Control to a Prospective Cohort

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of severe oral mucositis (SOM) in pediatric oncology patients during the chemotherapeutic treatment. This is a nested case-control to a prospective cohort that monitored 105 patients for 10 consecutive weeks after the beginning of the chemotherapy treatment. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with SOM, by group of malignancy (hematologic or solid tumors) (Sig.=5%). To patients with hematologic tumors were found factors associated with SOM in two weeks of treatment: in the 6th week (increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=3.02)) and in the 7th week (female sex (OR=21.28); and increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=2.51)); and to patients with solid tumors were found factors associated with SOM in five weeks of treatment: in the 1st week (female sex (OR=14.43); age increase (OR=1.24)); in the 2nd week (Miscellany (OR=6.39)); in the 5th week (Antimetabolites (OR=17.44); Miscellany (OR=45.42); and platelets reduction (OR=1.12)); in the 6th week (creatinine increase (OR=1.63)); and in the 7th week (creatinine increase (OR=2.39)). For patients with hematologic tumors, to be female, and the increase in the frequency of chemotherapy doses increased the risk for SOM and for patients with solid tumors, to be female, the increase in age and in level blood concentration of creatinine, the reduction in number of platelets and the use of chemotherapy with miscellany and antimetabolites agents were associated with an increase in risk for occurrence of SOM.

Cuidados Bucais em Pacientes Oncopediátricos durante a Pandemia de Covid-19: o Que Está Mudando?

“…Considering these points, dental team must ameliorate specific communication with nurses and physicians seeking for oral complaints reported by patients. It is true considering oral mucositis 6,7 . With a reduced team, professionals with direct contact with patients could be pro-active and ask each patient or responsible about chewing, speaking or swallowing complaints or impairments.…”

Randomized controlled and double‐blinded study of Caphosol versus saline oral rinses in pediatric patients with cancer

“…OM has an incidence of approximately 20‐40% in the adult population undergoing chemotherapy 4 . Some studies have suggested that oral mucosal side effects occur more frequently in children compared to adults with cancer and that the rate may be as high as 90% among children less than 12 years old 5‐7 …”

“…4 Some studies have suggested that oral mucosal side effects occur more frequently in children compared to adults with cancer and that the rate may be as high as 90% among children less than 12 years old. [5][6][7] OM is characterized by generalized erythematous, erosive and ulcerative lesions. 8 Many of the normal defence mechanisms are compromised in patients undergoing cancer therapy, who are thus predisposed to higher risk for bacteremia, fungal infection, and sepsis.…”

Avaliação do Efeito do Laser Preventivo na Mucosite Oral Quimioinduzida em Pacientes Submetidos a Altas Doses de Metotrexato

“…O efeito colateral do tratamento antineoplásico, associado à mucosite, tende a causar uma série de fatores agravantes, ocasionando desconforto e dor, podendo haver limitação nutricional, levando à interrupção ou à modificação da administração da medicação, aumentando o tempo de internação hospitalar, gerando mais custos e, em alguns casos, o risco de morte é considerável 2,[10][11][12] .…”

“…A laserterapia tem ação em efeitos biológicos, como controle de dor e ação moduladora da inflamação, apresenta capacidade de modulação de uma gama de eventos metabólicos celulares e tem propriedade curativa 11,12,[20][21][22] .…”