Oral microbiota carriage in patients with multibracket appliance in relation to the quality of oral hygiene

Klaus, Katharina; Eichenauer, Johanna; Sprenger, Rhea; Ruf, Sabine

doi:10.1186/s13005-016-0125-x

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Conventional brackets are often used during orthodontic therapy of patients with malocclusion. The complex construction of such brackets greatly inhibits oral hygiene, which predisposes to increased carriage of bacteria and yeasts [1,2]. An increased amount of fungi in the oral cavity can, with predisposing factors, lead to the development of oral mycosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

et al. 2020

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Background Conventional brackets are often used during orthodontic therapy of patients with malocclusion. The complex construction of such brackets greatly inhibits oral hygiene, which predisposes to increased carriage of microbiota. Orthodontic brackets could act as reservoir of yeast and predispose to oral candidosis. The aim of this study was to assess Candida prevalence and the role of oral hygiene during fixed appliance therapy. A further aim was to characterize the isolated yeasts according to their ability to form biofilms. Methods Seventeen participants (average age 17 ± 7 years) were monitored by taking oral rinses and elastomeric ligature samples, and by evaluating the approximal plaque index (API) and gingival bleeding index (GBI) before and after placement of the orthodontic conventional brackets for 12 weeks. Isolated yeasts were counted and biofilm formation was evaluated. Results One hundred and sixteen samples (67 oral rinses and 49 orthodontic elastomers) were collected. Ten patients (58.8% subjects) were Candida-carriers (two were colonized after bracket placement) and C. albicans was the most common species. The average number of yeasts in the oral cavity showed some fluctuation during the study, but in general had an upward trend (adj. R2 = 0.7967, p = 0.07025). A correlation was found between median number of yeasts and the periodontal indices (API, GBI). The average API values decreased in the Candida-carriers (adj. R2 = 0.95; p = 0.01709), while average GBI values increased in the noncarriers (adj. R2 = 0.92; p = 0.0256). Conclusions Treatment with orthodontic appliances promotes Candida yeast colonization, which is variable over time in terms of strain and species, with dominance of C. albicans, and without increased biofilm-forming activity. The API value decreases over time in carriers, and the GBI value increases in uncolonized patients, which may have predictive significance for the development of oral candidiasis during orthodontic treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

et al. 2020

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“…The analysis of the microbiome through the next-generation sequencing of 16S amplicons (i.e., 16S metabarcoding) offers a cost-effective approach to assess the overall composition of an individual’s microbiome [ 7 , 8 ]. Previous studies have assessed the oral microbiome in relation with factors such as biogeography, environment, age, or ethnicity [ 7 , 9 , 10 ], or have focused on the effect of smoking [ 11 , 12 ], diet [ 13 – 16 ], or hygiene habits [ 17 – 19 ]. On the more clinical side, some studies have uncovered alterations of the oral microbiota in prevalent diseases of the oral cavity including periodontal disease [ 20 ] and caries [ 3 , 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citizen science charts two major “stomatotypes” in the oral microbiome of adolescents and reveals links with habits and drinking water composition

et al. 2018

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BackgroundThe oral cavity comprises a rich and diverse microbiome, which plays important roles in health and disease. Previous studies have mostly focused on adult populations or in very young children, whereas the adolescent oral microbiome remains poorly studied. Here, we used a citizen science approach and 16S profiling to assess the oral microbiome of 1500 adolescents around Spain and its relationships with lifestyle, diet, hygiene, and socioeconomic and environmental parameters.ResultsOur results provide a detailed snapshot of the adolescent oral microbiome and how it varies with lifestyle and other factors. In addition to hygiene and dietary habits, we found that the composition of tap water was related to important changes in the abundance of several bacterial genera. This points to an important role of drinking water in shaping the oral microbiota, which has been so far poorly explored. Overall, the microbiome samples of our study can be clustered into two broad compositional patterns (stomatotypes), driven mostly by Neisseria and Prevotella, respectively. These patterns show striking similarities with those found in unrelated populations.ConclusionsWe hypothesize that these stomatotypes represent two possible global optimal equilibria in the oral microbiome that reflect underlying constraints of the human oral niche. As such, they should be found across a variety of geographical regions, lifestyles, and ages.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-018-0592-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Klaus et al also reported a significant higher prevalence of Candida spp. associated with poor oral hygiene [42], as confirmed by the literature [64].…”

Section: Protozoas Fungi and Other Bacterial Species In Orthodontic mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…In 2016, Klaus et al reported the results of a cross-sectional study on 75 subjects treated with fixed appliances (mean age, 14.4 ± 1.8 years) to measure the prevalence in saliva and plaque of Candida spp, S. mutans, and Lactobacilli, with culture methods [42]. The subjects were divided according to their oral hygiene status into three groups: good oral hygiene (GOH), poor oral hygiene (POH), and poor oral hygiene with white spots lesions (POH/WL).…”

Section: Fixed Appliances and Cariogenic Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oral Microbiota Changes in Orthodontic Patients and Effects on Oral Health: An Overview

Contaldo

Lucchese

Lajolo

et al. 2021

JCM

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Nowadays, there is a considerable interest to study the biological and microbiological changes that accompany orthodontic treatment. Growing knowledge on oral microbiota allows, day after day, to identify and characterize the microbial arrangements specifically associated with oral and extra-oral conditions. The aim of the present work is to highlight any further correlations between orthodontic appliances and the qualitative and quantitative modifications of the oral microbiota, such as predisposing factors for the onset of caries, periodontal diseases, and other infections, which can impact the oral and systemic health of the orthodontic patients. When compared with subjects without orthodontic appliances, orthodontic patients reported significant qualitative and quantitative differences in supra- and subgingival plaque during the entire treatment period. Certain components of fixed appliances (mainly bonded molar brackets, ceramic brackets, and elastomeric ligatures) showed high risks of periodontal disease and tooth decay for patients. An unclear prevalence of Candida spp. and the paucity of studies on viruses and protozoas in the oral microbiota of orthodontic patients need to be further investigated. The evidence emerging from this study could guide clinicians in modulating the timing of controls and enhance patient motivation to prevent the formation of mature plaque, thus reducing the risks of oral-plaque-related diseases.

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Oral microbiota carriage in patients with multibracket appliance in relation to the quality of oral hygiene

Cited by 26 publications

References 39 publications

Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

Candida prevalence and oral hygiene due to orthodontic therapy with conventional brackets

Citizen science charts two major “stomatotypes” in the oral microbiome of adolescents and reveals links with habits and drinking water composition

The Oral Microbiota Changes in Orthodontic Patients and Effects on Oral Health: An Overview

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