Oral microbial dysbiosis in patients with periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Abstract

BackgroundOral microbiota is closely related to the homeostasis of the oral cavity and lungs. To provide potential information for the prediction, screening, and treatment strategies of individuals, this study compared and investigated the bacterial signatures in periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Materials and methodsWe collected subgingival plaque and gingival crevicular fluid samples from 112 individuals (31 healthy controls, 24 patients with periodontitis, 28 patients with COPD, and 29 patients with both periodontitis and COPD). The oral microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and diversity and functional prediction analysis were performed.ResultsWe observed higher bacterial richness in individuals with periodontitis in both types of oral samples. Using LEfSe and DESeq2 analyses, we found differentially abundant genera that may be potential biomarkers for each group. Mogibacterium is the predominant genus in COPD. Ten genera, including Desulfovibrio, Filifactor, Fretibacterium, Moraxella, Odoribacter, Pseudoramibacter Pyramidobacter, Scardovia, Shuttleworthia and Treponema were predominant in periodontitis. Bergeyella, Lautropia, Rothia, Propionibacterium and Cardiobacterium were the signature of the healthy controls. The significantly different pathways in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) between healthy controls and other groups were concentrated in genetic information processing, translation, replication and repair, and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins.ConclusionsWe found the significant differences in the bacterial community and functional characterization of oral microbiota in periodontitis, COPD and comorbid diseases. Compared to gingival crevicular fluid, subgingival plaque may be more appropriate for reflecting the difference of subgingival microbiota in periodontitis patients with COPD. These results may provide potentials for predicting, screening, and treatment strategies for individuals with periodontitis and COPD.

Probing the oral-brain connection: Oral microbiome patterns in a large community cohort with anxiety, depression, and trauma symptoms, and periodontal outcomes

“…The abundance of several taxa was associated with periodontal outcomes; Shuttleworthia and Capnocytophaga were associated with a self-reported clinical diagnosis of periodontitis and predicted severe periodontitis. Previous studies reported similar ndings in periodontitis [74,78], and gingivitis patients [79]. Shuttleworthia and Capnocytophaga should therefore be investigated as potential noninvasive, salivary microbiome markers of periodontitis.…”

“…Furthermore, an increased abundance of the Odoribacter genus was also noted in the gut microbiomes of patients with depression [71], a preclinical model of depression [72], and individuals with periodontal disease [73]. Elevated levels of the Odoribacter genus were also detected in the oral microbiome of periodontitis patients [74]. These ndings underscore the potential interconnectivity between oral and gut microbiomes and taxa implicated in both oral and periodontal health, with implications for the oral-gut-brain axis.…”

Oral Microbiome Stamp in Alzheimer’s Disease

“…Our featured important analysis results provided the specific taxa with the most predictable power regarding AD, according to a recent animal study by Xia et al Bacteroides fragilis activating microglia leads to AD development [ 55 ]; g__Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum , according to Kovaleva et al, could cause the infectious process in individuals with a compromised immune system [ 56 ]; g__Anaerostipes , according to Tran et al, was associated with urine toxin production in chronic kidney disease [ 57 ]; g__Shuttleworthia was associated with periodontitis [ 58 , 59 , 60 ]; and g__Lactobacillus , according to a recent report by Rastogi and Singh, is known for its immune system-modulating trait [ 61 ]. Nevertheless, the ambivalent characteristic of this taxon regarding autoimmune and other chronic disease development should not be underestimated [ 62 ].…”

Desulfovibrio in the Gut: The Enemy within?

“…Prevalence of DSV was found to be significantly higher amongst orthodontic patients when compared to non-orthodontic participants (about 20%) [ 148 ]. DSV was found to be abundant in patients with periodontitis [ 149 ]. Other studies have reported an increased abundance of DSV associated with diseases such as Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) [ 150 , 151 ].…”