Oral manifestations associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in a Spanish population

Abstract

A study was made of the oral manifestations in 396 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The following risk groups were established: intravenous drug users (79.5%), homosexuals (7.8%), homosexual intravenous drug users (3.3%), heterosexuals (8.1%) and hemophiliacs/transfusion patients (1.3%). The oral lesions, in decreasing order of frequency, were: periodontal disease (78.28%), candidiasis (65.65%), hairy leukoplakia (16.16%), herpes simplex virus lesions (5.30%). Kaposi's sarcoma (2.27%), recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAS) (1.01%), lichen planus (0.5%), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (0.25%), tuberculous lesion of the tongue (0.25%) and ulcerations of uncertain etiology (0.25%). Attention is drawn to the greater predominance of these lesions in patients with CD4 values of less than 200/ mm3, compared with those who have higher lymphocyte counts.

Oral Candidosis as a Clinical Marker of Immune Failure in Patients with HIV/AIDS on HAART

“…HAART has been directly associated with a decrease in the prevalence of opportunistic infections associated to AIDS, such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, Mycobacterium avium complex infection, cytomegalovirus disease and OCandidiasis. [17][18][19] To date, although the data are scarce, it is suggested that OC retains its prognostic value in patients receiving HAART. 20,21 More recently, it has been suggested that OL-HIV can be used as clinical markers of failure of HAART.…”

A retrospective analysis of oral hairy leukoplakia in South Australia

“…Other international studies have since found OHL to be a marker of immunosuppression and progression of HIV disease. [9][10][11][12]15 The diagnosis of OHL in this study was based on presumptive criteria as outlined by the 1993 ECClearinghouse-WHO criteria. 3 These diagnostic criteria require the lesions are white and present on the lateral border of the tongue.…”

Manifestações orais associadas ao HIV após 30 anos de epidemia no Brasil

“…A prevalência da presença de lesões oportunistas orais em estudos realizados em pacientes sem o uso da HAART, ou com um percentual muito pequeno de usuários, apresentaram prevalências variando de 15,6 % no Quenia (Wanzala et al, 1989) à 99,5% na Espanha (Ceballos-Salobreña et al, 1996).…”

“…no Zimbabwe (Chidzonga, 2003 na Espanha (Ceballos-Salobreña et al, 1996). Já o eritema gengival linear, caracterizado por uma inflamação gengival sem aparente causa local, apresentou prevalência variando de 1,1% (Ortega, 2000) a 8% (Reichart et al, 2003).…”

“…Ao comparar a presença de lesões orais entre UDIs e HSH, Lamster et al (1994) (Moniaci et al, 1990;Ceballos-Salobreña et al, 1996) e a LP gengivite necrotizante (5,5%) e herpes zoster facial (3%) (Ficarra et al, 1994).…”