Oral Health Status Among Hearing and Speech Impaired Children of Karachi, Pakistan

Azfar, Marium; Khan, Imran; Quershi, Sameer; Zia, Nighat; Abid, Khadijah

doi:10.25301/jpda.274.181

Cited by 7 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…40 A low prevalence of poor oral health status among hearing-impaired children in Nigeria (22.2%) 41 and Pakistan (5.7%). 12 Moreover, the current study found a significant association between poor oral hygiene status and dental caries. Recently, Vichayanrat et al reported that hearing-impaired college students in Thailand with poor oral hygiene status were 3.26 times more likely to have dental caries (OR 3.26; 95% CI: 1.64–6.45) than those with good oral hygiene status.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

“… 37 Azfar et al reported that over half (51%) of hearing and speech-impaired children in Pakistan had dental caries. 12 Moreover, a much higher rate of dental caries was reported among hearing-impaired college students in Thailand (82.5%) 36 and Saudi Arabia (82.2%). 38 The difference might be due to socioeconomic variation between the study participants, and the difference in public welfare for the disabled population among countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A high frequency was reported in Pakistan where 28.3% of hearing-impaired children brushed their teeth twice a day. 12 Interestingly, Rajabloo et al recently reported that half of (49.2%) of hearing-impaired special need schools in Iran had a habit of brushing their teeth once daily. 28 The low oral hygiene practice in our study subjects might be due to socio-economic problems and/or lack of oral health awareness in our study participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 Azfar et al, in Pakistan, reported that 51% of disabled students had dental caries with a mean DMFT score of 2.08 (±2.97), and 48.1% of them had good oral hygiene status (48.1%). 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Azfar et al, in Pakistan, reported that 51% of disabled students had dental caries with a mean DMFT score of 2.08 (±2.97), and 48.1% of them had good oral hygiene status (48.1%). 12 Oral health has a strong psychological, biological, and social consequences as it affects the communication, aesthetics, and quality of life of the affected individuals. 13 Hearing impaired people had difficulty communicating with health care professionals, and as a result of the communication gap, most dental and medical professionals ignored those patients with hearing impairment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Health Status of Hearing-Impaired Students Attending Special Need Schools in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Teshome¹,

Girma²,

Adane³

et al. 2022

CCIDE

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Background Oral health care is the most common unmet need among individuals with a disability. Individuals with a disability may have compromised oral health needs due to neglect from parents, socioeconomic problems, and communication barriers. In Ethiopia, there is a lack of data on oral health status of the hearing-impaired population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the oral health status of hearing-impaired students in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to April 2021 on hearing-impaired students in Amhara region, Ethiopia. Data were collected using a pretested interview administered questionnaire and clinical examination. Oral cavity was evaluated using the simplified oral hygiene index, decayed, missed and filled teeth, and community periodontal index. Data analysis was done using SPSS 26.0, and logistic regression analysis was done to identify the risk factors of dental caries and periodontal disease. Results A total of 149 hearing impaired students with an age range of 7–30 years were involved in the study. The prevalence of periodontal disease and dental caries was 22.8% (95% CI: 16.8, 30.4) and 38.9% (95% CI; 32.2, 46.9), respectively. Being grade 1–4 student (AOR = 3.94, 95%: 1.16, 13.38), lack of formal education (AOR = 4.98, 95% CI: 1.00, 24.65), dental caries (AOR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.08) and bleeding on probing (AOR = 9.98, 95% CI: 3.69, 26.64) were statistically significant with periodontal disease. Grade level, parents’ support during brushing, oral health status, and medication intake were independent factors for dental caries. Conclusion In the present study, a significant number of hearing-impaired students had periodontal disease and dental caries. School oral health programs and caregivers assisted oral hygiene practices are essential to combat oral health problems in hearing-impaired students. Moreover, a nationwide prospective study with a large sample size will be required to reflect the oral health status of hearing-impaired individuals in the country.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 11 Azfar et al, in Pakistan, reported that 51% of disabled students had dental caries with a mean DMFT score of 2.08 (±2.97), and 48.1% of them had good oral hygiene status (48.1%). 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oral Health Status of Hearing-Impaired Students Attending Special Need Schools in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Teshome¹,

Girma²,

Adane³

et al. 2022

CCIDE

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The prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among students living with disability in the Amhara region, Ethiopia

Teshome

Girma

Adane

et al. 2022

Clinical & Exp Dental Res

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Objectives: People living with disability are more vulnerable to dental caries and have a high decayed, missed, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index and untreated dental disease than nondisabled individuals. In Ethiopia, there is a dearth of information on the oral health status of the disabled population. Hence, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries and its predictors among special needs school students in the Amhara region, Ethiopia.Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was done on special needs school students in the Amhara region from November 2020 to April 2021. The study participants were recruited using a simple random sampling technique using a computer random generator. Data collection was done using the World Health Organization oral health survey tool. Data entry was done using Epi-data 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS 26. A logistic regression model was used to identify the possible predictors of dental caries.Results: Four hundred and forty-three students with a mean age of 15.8 ± 3.8 were included in the study. The prevalence of dental caries was 41.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 36.3, 46.0) in permanent dentition with a mean DMFT score of 1.3 ± 1.6. The prevalence of dental caries in primary dentition was 23.1% (95% CI: 11.9, 32.1) with a mean decayed, missed, and filled primary teeth (dmft) score of 1.9 ± 0.2.Being 7-12 years old (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.6, 8.3), lower grade level (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI:1.3,4.4), poor oral hygiene status (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 4.8), and lack of parental support during tooth brushing (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 4.1) were independent predictors of dental caries.Conclusions: A significant amount of special needs school students in the study area had dental caries. Age, grade level, oral hygiene status, and lack of parent support during tooth brushing were independent predictors of dental caries.

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Dental caries status in individuals with hearing difficulties: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Bhadauria

Purohit

Agarwal

et al. 2022

Special Care in Dentistry

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Aims The purpose of the systematic review and meta‐analysis was to assess the dental caries status in individuals with hearing difficulties. Methods and Results Searches were conducted in six databases with no restriction on publication date. The cross‐sectional and comparative cross sectional studies assessing the dental caries status of hearing impaired individuals using standardized evaluation criteria were included. PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, Wiley Online, Lilacs, and Scopus databases were searched to identify the relevant papers published before August 1, 2021. The risk of bias assessment was carried out by New Castle Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Three thousand three hundred thirty five potentially relevant references were identified in the systematic literature search. Thirteen relevant publications that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the systematic review and the meta analysis. The overall analysis of the included studies revealed pooled dental caries prevalence of 58.0% (95% CI 0.41–0.74) among the hearing impaired individuals. The overall dental caries experience of the included studies showed a mean pooled DMFT of 2.68 (95% CI 1.24–4.12). Conclusion The present systematic review and meta‐analysis reported high dental caries prevalence in hearing impaired individuals.

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Oral Health Status Among Hearing and Speech Impaired Children of Karachi, Pakistan

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Oral Health Status of Hearing-Impaired Students Attending Special Need Schools in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Oral Health Status of Hearing-Impaired Students Attending Special Need Schools in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

The prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among students living with disability in the Amhara region, Ethiopia

Dental caries status in individuals with hearing difficulties: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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