Oral health and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women

Association between osteoporosis and periodontal disease among postmenopausal Indian women

“…Most of the participants in the osteoporotic group were aged 50–60 years, whereas in the non‐osteoporotic group, most of the participants were aged 45–50 years. This is in line with most studies where the age range of postmenopausal women participants was found to be between 45 and 78 years …”

“…Estrogen deficiency can cause a series of disorders, including osteopenia, osteoporosis, and vaginal atrophy. Osteopenia indicates moderately low bone density condition, whereas osteoporosis indicates severely low bone density condition; osteopenia could lead to osteoporosis if not treated …”

The relationship between periodontal disease, tooth loss and decreased skeletal bone mineral density in ageing women

“…Taguchi et al used self‐reported periodontal symptoms including gingival swelling, gingival bleeding, purulent discharge and tooth mobility at the time of bone mineral assessment. Studies that included elderly participants mostly found significant association between periodontal disease and osteoporosis unlike studies based on younger postmenopausal women . Klemetti et al found that younger postmenopausal women (48‐56 years) with periodontal disease and better bone mineral status rarely lose their teeth, even those with deep periodontal pockets, compared with patients who had osteoporosis.…”

Does osteoporosis influence the marginal peri‐implant bone level in female patients? A cross‐sectional study in a matched collective

“…Nevertheless osteoporosis leads to greater residual ridge resorption, and a decreased masticatory performance . The correlation between peripheral bone density, dental status, alveolar bone loss, and atrophic changes in oral epithelium indicates an impact of catabolic bone diseases on periodontal health . Evidence suggests that a decline in sexual hormones after menopause is associated with a spontaneous increase in pro‐inflammatory cytokines .…”

“…7 The correlation between peripheral bone density, dental status, alveolar bone loss, and atrophic changes in oral epithelium indicates an impact of catabolic bone diseases on periodontal health. 8 Evidence suggests that a decline in sexual hormones after menopause is associated with a spontaneous increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines. 9 Data regarding the incidence of implant loss in the osteoporotic patient remain inconclusive; while the majority of studies were not able to establish a correlation between osteoporosis and implant loss, others found a higher rate of implant loss in osteoporotic patients.…”