Oral cooling (cryotherapy), an effective treatment for the prevention of 5-fluorouracil-induced stomatitis

Cryotherapy in the prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving low-dose methotrexate following myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a prospective randomized study of the Gruppo Italiano Trapianto di Midollo Osseo nurses group

“…One hundred and thirty patients were enrolled, to our knowledge the largest cohort to be prospectively studied for the effect of The results of our study do not confirm previous observations that cryotherapy is effective in the prevention of severe oral mucositis following both standard and high-dose chemoradiotherapy. 7,8,10,12 The reasons for this discrepancy are presently unknown, but may relate to multiple factors, including the mode of administration, the design of the study, or the biological effect of posttransplant low-dose MTX in the pathogenesis of oral mucositis. In our study, ice chips were applied for 60 min, based on preliminary data from our group showing that bolus intravenous administration of MTX leads to peak plasma levels within 30 min in HSCT patients (Figure 1).…”

“…6 Cryotherapy has been shown to reduce the incidence of oral mucositis by 50% following intravenous administration of 5FU (5-fluorouracil). 7,8 Inhibition of 5FU-induced oral mucositis was achieved when cryotherapy was applied for at least 30-60 min following 5FU infusion. 9 Cryotherapy has been effective also for the prevention of oral mucositis following treatment with high-dose Melphalan and autologous stem cell rescue.…”

Prophylaxis of Mucosal Toxicity by Oral Propantheline and Cryotherapy in Children with Malignancies Undergoing Myeloablative Chemo-Radiotherapy

“…Oral cryotherapy (Mahood et al 1991;Rocke et al 1993;Cascinu et al 1994;Dumontet et al 1994;Meloni et al 1996) reduced the salivary secretion of anticancer agents into the mucosa by the mechanism of a local vasoconstriction. Propantheline (Ahmed et al 1993;Oblon et al 1997) is an anticholinergic agent which induced a decreased salivation and, thereby, xerostomia.…”

“…In attempts to prevent mucosal damage, the efficacy of various agents has been investigated. Among these agents, oral propantheline, anticholinergic drug (Ahmed et al 1993;Oblon et al 1997) and oral cooling called cryotherapy (Mahood et al 1991;Rocke et al 1993;Cascinu et al 1994;Dumontet et al 1994;Meloni et al 1996) have been reported to be effective as sole agents for children. However, to the best of our knowledge, a combination of these two compounds has not been studied yet.…”

Prophylaxis and treatment of chemo- and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis – are there new strategies?

“…Cryotherapy attenuated severity of oral mucositis under bolus application of methotrexate (MTX), 5-fluorouracil or melphalan. [105][106][107][108][109] Cytokines for prophylaxis and treatment of oral mucositis…”