Oral candidiasis and cigarette, tobacco, alcohol, and opium consumption in Rafsanjan, a region in the southeast of Iran

Khalili, Parvin; Movagharipoor, Atekeh; Sardari, Farimah; Pour, Fatemeh Movaghari; Jamali, Zahra

doi:10.1186/s12903-023-02969-1

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…In a recent study by Navabi et al, the prevalence rate of oral candida fcolonization was 38.7% among opium users and cigarette smokers in southeastern Iran 20 . Conversely, Khalili et al reported a low prevalence (7.94%) of oral candidiasis in individuals using cigarettes, tobacco, alcohol, and opium in Rafsanjan, a region in southeastern Iran 21 . In another study conducted in Spain, Sheth et al demonstrated that around 35% of volunteers (37 individuals) harbored Candida species in their oral cavities 22 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exploring the diversity of uncommon oral yeast species and associated risk factors among substance abusers in southwestern Iran

Ghojoghi,

Khodavaisy,

Mahmoudabadi

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Yeast species are a group of coexistent microorganisms in the oral cavity that can cause opportunistic infections in vulnerable individuals, including addicts. This study aimed to identify the yeast species profile responsible for oral yeast colonization (OYC) and the associated risk factors in patients with substance use disorder (SUD) in Ahvaz, Iran. Oral samples were collected from drug users hospitalized in 12 addiction treatment centers, and the related clinical information was mined. Oral yeast species were identified using 21-plex PCR and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). A total of 244 yeast strains were identified from 245 individuals with substance abuse. Candida albicans was the most common species (37.7%) and non-albicans Candida was responsible for 57.7% of OYC, primarily C. dubliniensis (33.2%) and C. glabrata (11.9%). Moreover, uncommon oral yeasts constituted 5.3% of species, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Clavispora lusitaniae, Pichia kluyveri, Geotrichum candidum, Magnusiomyces capitatus, Hanseniospora opuntiae, Wickerhamomyces subpelliculosus, Trichosporon asahii, and Aureobasidium pullulans. Importantly, OYC exhibited associations with such factors as duration of drug use, daily drug consumption rate, opioid utilization, oral drug administration, and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) score. The present study is the pioneering investigation revealing the prevalence and diversity of oral yeast species, along with associated risk factors, in individuals with SUD in southwestern Iran. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of developing efficient and cost-effective diagnostic methods tailored for resource-constrained settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Exploring the diversity of uncommon oral yeast species and associated risk factors among substance abusers in southwestern Iran

Ghojoghi,

Khodavaisy,

Mahmoudabadi

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Iranian Smokers and Non-smokers

Shoorgashti,

Moshiri,

Lesan

2024

Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice

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Background: Tobacco smoking statistics are alarming and the oral mucosa is the first human part of the body that is exposed to the toxic substances of smoking. Aims: Considering the high prevalence rate of tobacco-associated problems in the oral cavity and few studies on the Iranian population regarding the effects of smoking on the oral cavity, this study aimed to evaluate the relationship between smoking and oral lesions in the Iranian population. Materials and Methods: Observational study. In this observational study, the oral cavities of 200 participants (smokers = 100 and non-smokers = 100) were examined by a trained dental student under the supervision of an oral and maxillofacial medicine expert, and the presence of coated tongue, leukoedema, leukoplakia, smoker’s palate, smoker’s melanosis, erythroplakia, frictional hyperkeratosis, acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, and erythematous candidiasis were recorded. Xerostomia was evaluated based on participants’ self-reporting through a questionnaire. All data were analyzed using T-test, Chi-square test, odd ratio, 95% confidence interval, Fisher’s exact test, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Results: The results of this study showed smoking is significantly associated with an increased risk of coated tongue (OR: 1.80, 95% CI: 1.32-3.54, P = 0.005), smoker’s melanosis (OR: 6.176, 95% CI: 3.28-11.62, P = 0.00002), and frictional hyperkeratosis (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 0.68-2.60, P = 0.005). However, no significant association was observed between smoking and leukoedema (OR: 1, 95% CI: 0.51-1.94, P = 1). None of the participants presented smoker’s palate, erythroplakia, and candidiasis. Conclusions: This study’s results showed that smokers exhibited a greater chance of developing oral lesions compared to non-smokers.

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Oral candidiasis and cigarette, tobacco, alcohol, and opium consumption in Rafsanjan, a region in the southeast of Iran

Cited by 2 publications

References 21 publications

Exploring the diversity of uncommon oral yeast species and associated risk factors among substance abusers in southwestern Iran

Exploring the diversity of uncommon oral yeast species and associated risk factors among substance abusers in southwestern Iran

Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Iranian Smokers and Non-smokers

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