Oral and maxillofacial tumours in children and adolescents: Clinicopathologic audit of 75 cases in an academic medical centre, Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria

Background Malignant neoplasms that affect children and adolescents are predominantly embryonic and generally affect blood system cells and supporting tissues. Aim This study aimed to summarize the scientific evidence about the prevalence of malignant lesions in the oral cavity of children and adolescents. Design In this systematic review and meta‐analysis (PROSPERO CRD42020158338), data were obtained from seven databases and the gray literature. Cross‐sectional observational studies on the prevalence of biopsied oral pediatric malignancies were included. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale assessed the quality of the included studies, and the GRADE approach evaluated the evidence certainty. The meta‐analysis prevalence was calculated using MedCalc® software, adopting a 95% confidence level (CI; random‐effect model). Results Forty‐two studies were included in the meta‐analysis. Of the 64,522 biopsies, the prevalence of malignant lesions was 1.93% (n = 1,100; 95% CI = 1.21%‐2.80%). Countries with a low socioeconomic profile showed the highest prevalence. The sample size did not influence the prevalence of oral malignancies, and unspecified lymphomas (12.08%; 95% CI = 5.73%‐20.37%) and rhabdomyosarcoma (10.53%; 95% CI = 7.28%‐14.30%) were the most common lesions. Conclusions Oral malignant lesions biopsied in children and adolescents had a prevalence of <3%, and lymphomas and sarcomas were the most prevalent lesions.

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Paediatric jaw tumours: experiences and findings from a resource limited tertiary health care center

Akhiwu¹,

Osunde²,

Akhiwu³

et al. 2020

PAMJ

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Introduction primary maxillofacial tumors are uncommon in pediatric patients. When they do occur, the tissue damage caused directly alters facial growth, development as well as psycho-social evolution. This study was carried out to determine the pattern, sociodemographic characteristics and histologic peculiarities of paediatric jaw tumors in our environment. Methods a retrospective hospital-based study where the case notes of children below the age of 14 years who presented with jaw tumors and tumor-like lesions from January 2014 to December 2018 were studied. Results eighty-two patients were studied; patients aged 10-14 years had the highest representation. Mean time of presentation was 8 months with jaw swelling being the commonest presentation (84.1%). Majority of the fathers were in their 4 th decade of life while most of the mothers were in their third decade of life and both parents possessed primary school certificate as their highest level of educational attainment. Fathers were mostly traders, while mothers were mostly full-time housewives. The maxilla and mandible were most commonly affected with the left side showing higher preponderance. Burkitt lymphoma (19 (23.2%)) and adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (14 (17.1%)) were the commonest lesions. When the tumor involved both the maxilla and the mandible, the tumor was most likely malignant. Conclusion in our center, paediatric jaw tumors are commonest in male children with the 10-14 years´ age group most commonly affected. Burkitt lymphoma and adenomatoid odontogenic tumors were the commonest tumors. Early presentation must be encouraged since these tumors if presented early can be successfully treated.

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Oral and maxillofacial tumours in children and adolescents: Clinicopathologic audit of 75 cases in an academic medical centre, Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria

Cited by 4 publications

References 25 publications

Prevalence of oral conditions and associated factors among schoolchildren in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence of oral conditions and associated factors among schoolchildren in Accra, Ghana: a cross-sectional study

Prevalence of malignant neoplastic oral lesions among children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Paediatric jaw tumours: experiences and findings from a resource limited tertiary health care center

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