Oral and cranio‐maxillofacial trauma in children and adolescents in an emergency setting at a Brazilian hospital

Abstract

Background/Aims Very few studies have been performed to evaluate cranio‐maxillofacial trauma diagnosed in hospitals in children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to perform an analysis of oral and cranio‐maxillofacial trauma in the aforementioned population. Materials and Methods A hospital‐based retrospective study, which reviewed 1438 patient records, was conducted at the “Teresina Emergency Hospital”, Brazil. Data regarding demographics, day of the week on which trauma occurred, type of injury, etiology, anatomic trauma site, time of hospital admission, and associated comorbidities (or injuries) were collected. Results There were 1092 (75.9%) males and 346 (24.1%) females. The largest group was adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years (956, 66.5%). The majority lived in urban areas (69%). Trauma occurred most frequently during the week. The most prevalent etiology was road traffic accidents involving motorcycles (771, 53.6%) causing facial and skull fractures (598, 41%). The most prevalent soft tissue lesions were facial abrasions (49%), followed by injuries to the cheek (16.7%). Comorbidities associated with craniofacial trauma were present in 82%, with complications from traumatic brain injuries being the most prevalent (65.6%) Dental trauma was recorded in only 81 cases (5.6%). Conclusion Male adolescents living in urban areas were most affected by craniofacial trauma. The most common cause was road traffic accidents involving motorcycles, resulting in facial and skull fractures. Complications from traumatic brain injuries were the most common associated injuries.

Craniofacial trauma in Brazilian child victims of traffic accidents: A single-trauma center analysis

“…The majority of victims in this study were males, which is consistent with data from WHO, 13 and with previous studies carried out by researchers in Brazil, 10,[17][18][19] Sudan, 6 Portugal, 20 and India. 21 It could be inferred that this male predominance exists because of cultural and social re strictions for unsupervised female outdoor activities as compared to male activities.…”

Epidemiology of maxillofacial soft tissue injuries in an oral emergency department in Beijing: A two‐year retrospective study

“…There were 38.2% in Grassner's study 9 , which was close to the rate of 34% in this study. Only 5.6% maxillofacial injuries were associated with dental trauma in the study by Rêgo et al 23 That was a study about oral and cranio‐maxillofacial trauma, which included more trauma sites, making the proportion of dental trauma relatively low. The causes of trauma in this study were similar to those in the Park et al study, namely falls and bumps, but the rate of tooth trauma was higher.…”

“…There were 38.2% in Grassner's study9 , which was close to the rate of 34% in this study. Only 5.6% maxillofacial injuries were associated with dental trauma in the study by Rêgo et al23…”

Acesso Borboleta Para Tratamento Cirúrgico De Fratura De Osso Frontal: Relato De Caso

“…O dano facial advindo do trauma, além de levar à fratura óssea e lesar tecidos, pode trazer possíveis consequências emocionais e funcionais, tornando o dano irreversível e o envolvimento de injúrias a estruturas importantes uma realidade. É pertinente mencionar que, atualmente, o trauma facial excede a incidência de cárie e doença periodontal, logo, deve ser abordado de maneira eminentemente multidisciplinar, envolvendo principalmente as especialidades: Bucomaxilofacial, Neurocirurgia, Traumatologia, Oftalmologia e Cirurgia Plástica 2,4,6,13,14 .…”