Oral administration of Akkermansia muciniphila elevates systemic antiaging and anticancer metabolites

Abstract

The presence of Akkermansia muciniphila (Akk) in the human gut is associated with good health, leanness and fitness. Mouse experimentation has demonstrated positive effects for Akk, which counteracts aging, mediates antiobesity and antidiabetic effects, dampens inflammation and improves anticancer immunosurveillance. Clinical trials have confirmed antidiabetic effects for Akk. Here, we investigated the time-dependent effects of oral administration of Akk (which was live or pasteurized) and other bacteria to mice on the metabolome of the ileum, colon, liver and blood plasma. Metabolomics was performed by a combination of chromatographic and mass spectrometric methods, yielding a total of 1.637.227 measurements. Akk had major effects on metabolism, causing an increase in spermidine and other polyamines in the gut and in the liver. Pasteurized Akk (Akk-past) was more efficient than live Akk in elevating the intestinal concentrations of polyamines, short-chain fatty acids, 2-hydroxybutyrate, as well multiple bile acids, which also increased in the circulation. All these metabolites have previously been associated with human health, providing a biochemical basis for the beneficial effects of Akk.

Gut Microbiota as Potential Biomarker and/or Therapeutic Target to Improve the Management of Cancer: Focus on Colibactin-Producing Escherichia coli in Colorectal Cancer

“…Future challenges should be to develop interventional approaches by modulating the gut microbiota composition to safely boost the clinical efficacy of these anticancer treatments [ 103 , 104 ]. This new therapeutic strategy named “oncobiotic” is expected to strengthen the oncological arsenal [ 105 , 106 , 107 ]. Different strategies is developing ad oral administration of live microorganisms (bacteria and/or phages), probiotic, prebiotic, fecal microbiota transfer, or bacterial metabolites.…”

“…Different strategies is developing ad oral administration of live microorganisms (bacteria and/or phages), probiotic, prebiotic, fecal microbiota transfer, or bacterial metabolites. They will be tested alone or in association with classical treatment and be adapted and personalized to the gut dysbiosis determined for each patient [ 105 ]. Further clinical research is needed to confirm the use of oncobiotics to target the microbiome and improve cancer treatment.…”

Alteration of Gut Microbiota Relates to Metabolic Disorders in Primary Aldosteronism Patients

“…In contrast, PA patients had more Megamonas, Sutterella, and Streptococcus than healthy controls and primary hypertension patients, genera that are associated with inflammation (28)(29)(30). Weissella and Akkermansia, which were present in lower abundances in PA patients than in primary hypertension patients, were shown to have antiinflammatory potential (31,32). PA patients had a higher relative abundance of lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis in the gut microbiota than healthy controls.…”

The Protective Effects of Live and Pasteurized Akkermansia muciniphila and Its Extracellular Vesicles against HFD/CCl4-Induced Liver Injury

“…Because of this mucin-degrading ability, it is believed that this bacterium is a keystone species in the healthy gut ( 60 ). Furthermore, a recent study shows that live A. muciniphila had major effects on metabolism in the gut and the liver, while the pasteurized A. muciniphila was more effective in elevating the beneficial metabolites, especially in the gut of antibiotic treated mice ( 61 ). However, the exact mechanism underlying the effectiveness of A. muciniphila and its derivatives in a healthy gut microbiota population remains to be elucidated, particularly by using different animal models such as germ-free or A. muciniphila -decontaminated mice.…”