Optogenetically mediated large volume suppression and synchronized excitation of human ventricular cardiomyocytes

Pyari, Gur; Bansal, Himanshu; Roy, Sukhdev

doi:10.1007/s00424-023-02831-x

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 67 publications

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“…Considering, , , , and to denote the instantaneous fraction of ChR molecules in each of the four states such that the rate of change of populations can be described by the following differential equations, where, , and are the rate constants for transitions and respectively. The light-dependent rate functions can be described as , , , and 41 , 64 , 65 . Since there are two open states in the 4-state model, , where , is the ratio of conductance of the open states.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical prediction of broadband ambient light optogenetic vision restoration with ChRmine and its mutants

Bansal,

Pyari,

Roy

2024

Sci Rep

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Vision restoration is one of the most promising applications of optogenetics. However, it is limited due to the poor-sensitivity, slow-kinetics and narrow band absorption spectra of opsins. Here, a detailed theoretical study of retinal ganglion neurons (RGNs) expressed with ChRmine, ReaChR, CoChR, CatCh and their mutants, with near monochromatic LEDs, and broadband sunlight, halogen lamp, RGB LED light, and pure white light sources has been presented. All the opsins exhibit improved light sensitivity and larger photocurrent on illuminating with broadband light sources compared to narrow band LEDs. ChRmine allows firing at ambient sunlight (1.5 nW/mm2) and pure white light (1.2 nW/mm2), which is lowest among the opsins considered. The broadband activation spectrum of ChRmine and its mutants is also useful to restore color sensitivity. Although ChRmine exhibits slower turn-off kinetics with broadband light, high-fidelity spikes can be evoked upto 50 Hz. This limit extends upto 80 Hz with the improved hsChRmine mutant although it requires double the irradiance compared to ChRmine. The present study shows that ChRmine and its mutants allow activation of RGNs with ambient light which is useful for goggle-free white light optogenetic retinal prostheses with improved quality of restored vision.

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