Optimum community energy storage for renewable energy and demand load management

Parra, David; Norman, Stuart A.; Walker, Gavin S.; Gillott, Mark

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.05.048

Cited by 145 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Research has been conducted on the topics of energy autarky and self‐consumption on different scales, from individual buildings to neighborhoods and districts, as well as on the clustering of prosumers to optimize power grid operation and reduce costs . Community energy storage has been investigated in terms of economic benefits and possibilities to integrate renewable energy sources and demand‐side management . There have also been studies on the interactions that occur on local markets, the different energy carriers in a local energy community or energy hub, and the effects of different load curves on neighborhood clusters …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,24 Community energy storage has been investigated in terms of economic benefits and possibilities to integrate renewable energy sources and demand-side management. [25][26][27][28] There have also been studies on the interactions that occur on local markets, [29][30][31] the different energy carriers in a local energy community or energy hub, 32,33 and the effects of different load curves on neighborhood clusters. 34 The present study adds to the understanding of local grouping of residential prosumers of electricity through direct comparisons of investment and hourly operation of PV plus battery systems for (i) individual prosumers and (ii) prosumers acting as part of an electricity trading community, which has not been provided by studies cited above.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Organizing prosumers into electricity trading communities: Costs to attain electricity transfer limitations and self‐sufficiency goals

et al. 2019

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Summary Among household electricity end users, there is growing interest in local renewable electricity generation and energy independence. Community‐based and neighborhood energy projects, where consumers and prosumers of electricity trade their energy locally in a peer‐to‐peer system, have started to emerge in different parts of the world. This study investigates and compares the costs incurred by individual households and households organized in electricity trading communities in seeking to attain greater independence from the centralized electricity system. This independence is investigated with respect to: (i) the potential to reduce the electricity transfer capacity to and from the centralized system and (ii) the potential to increase self‐sufficiency. An optimization model is designed to analyze the investment and operation of residential photovoltaic battery systems. The model is then applied to different cases in a region of southern Sweden for year 2030. Utilizing measured electricity demand data for Swedish households, we show that with a reduced electricity transfer capacity to the centralized system, already a community of five residential prosumers can supply the household demand at lower cost than can prosumers acting individually. Grouping of residential prosumers in an electricity trading community confers greater benefits under conditions with a reduced electricity transfer capacity than when the goal is to become electricity self‐sufficient. It is important to consider the local utilization of photovoltaic‐generated electricity and its effect on the net trading pattern (to and from the centralized system) when discussing the impact on the electricity system of a high percentage of prosumers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organizing prosumers into electricity trading communities: Costs to attain electricity transfer limitations and self‐sufficiency goals

et al. 2019

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“…It will also be important how technologies and associated costs of storage technologies develop that are capable of distributing excess solar and wind energy favorably over time and space (Gils, Scholz, Pregger, Tena, & Heide, 2017). So far, there are promising storage concepts that can induce an even higher competitiveness of solar, wind, and water energy compared to biogas (Parra, Norman, Walker, & Gillott, 2017;Barbosa et al, 2017). However, practice concepts that are profitably used on a broad basis can only be expected in the medium term of 10 to 20 years.…”

Section: Concluding Remarks and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status quo and perspectives of biogas production for energy and material utilization

Bahrs

Angenendt

2018

GCB Bioenergy

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Biogas is in many respects a serious alternative to other fossil resources and complements other renewable energy sources from wind and sun. Biogas can be produced in many places decentrally. Its energy potential is high, and it is widely used in the EU and all over the world. With more than 16,000 ktoe of oil equivalent in the EU in 2016, it corresponds to approximately 8% of the total primary energy produced by renewable energies in the EU, produced with nearly 17,000 biogas plants. Nevertheless, the production costs of biogas and its products like energy, heat, and fuel are still too high. Kost et al. (2018) show a comparison of electricity generation costs of different renewable energies and their future potentials. While electricity from huge biogas plants offers generation costs from 10 to 15 ct/kWh, electricity from onshore wind and huge solar systems offers generation costs from 4 to 8 ct/kWh. Although substantial progress has been made with regard to substrate use, production techniques and market designs, many more innovations are needed throughout the biogas value chain for it to be competitive in energy markets without high subsidies. As several papers in the special issue on biogas show, there are numerous innovations and product designs with regard to energy and material uses that could maintain or even increase the importance of biogas production both within and outside of the EU. There are many potential benefits of biogas, as it offers high shares of produced renewable energies as well as large amounts of material products like digestates and in future maybe products of higher value such as proteins or lactic acids.

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“…Experimental studies on a laboratory-based MG have been implemented to demonstrate that the proposed EMS can be implemented in a realistic environment.Energies 2019, 12, 2712 2 of 26 these ESS into small-scale MG architectures. The electrical load profiles of small scale MGs, particularly residential communities, can vary considerably with time: periods of house inoccupancy (e.g., during vacation) and the addition of new equipment (e.g., electric vehicle charge) or even new houses can have a strong influence on the loading profile [9]. Additionally, these small-scale systems see sharp changes in load over a short period of time as single loads (shower, cooker) can be significant considering the size of the MG. For these reasons, EMS used for small scale MGs must have a short control sample time to observe and respond to fast changes in the load and generation throughout the day [9,10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electrical load profiles of small scale MGs, particularly residential communities, can vary considerably with time: periods of house inoccupancy (e.g., during vacation) and the addition of new equipment (e.g., electric vehicle charge) or even new houses can have a strong influence on the loading profile [9]. Additionally, these small-scale systems see sharp changes in load over a short period of time as single loads (shower, cooker) can be significant considering the size of the MG. For these reasons, EMS used for small scale MGs must have a short control sample time to observe and respond to fast changes in the load and generation throughout the day [9,10]. Also, energy forecasting techniques must be adaptive and also have a short sample time if they are to help the EMS achieve good results for this type of grid.Small-scale MGs should preferably operate as a single controllable unit that imports/exports power from/to the main grid following a predictable shape [11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Energy Management for a Small Scale PV-Battery Microgrid: Modeling, Design, and Experimental Verification

2019

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A new energy management system (EMS) is presented for small scale microgrids (MGs). The proposed EMS focuses on minimizing the daily cost of the energy drawn by the MG from the main electrical grid and increasing the self-consumption of local renewable energy resources (RES). This is achieved by determining the appropriate reference value for the power drawn from the main grid and forcing the MG to accurately follow this value by controlling a battery energy storage system. A mixed integer linear programming algorithm determines this reference value considering a time-of-use tariff and short-term forecasting of generation and consumption. A real-time predictive controller is used to control the battery energy storage system to follow this reference value. The results obtained show the capability of the proposed EMS to lower the daily operating costs for the MG customers. Experimental studies on a laboratory-based MG have been implemented to demonstrate that the proposed EMS can be implemented in a realistic environment.Energies 2019, 12, 2712 2 of 26 these ESS into small-scale MG architectures. The electrical load profiles of small scale MGs, particularly residential communities, can vary considerably with time: periods of house inoccupancy (e.g., during vacation) and the addition of new equipment (e.g., electric vehicle charge) or even new houses can have a strong influence on the loading profile [9]. Additionally, these small-scale systems see sharp changes in load over a short period of time as single loads (shower, cooker) can be significant considering the size of the MG. For these reasons, EMS used for small scale MGs must have a short control sample time to observe and respond to fast changes in the load and generation throughout the day [9,10]. Also, energy forecasting techniques must be adaptive and also have a short sample time if they are to help the EMS achieve good results for this type of grid.Small-scale MGs should preferably operate as a single controllable unit that imports/exports power from/to the main grid following a predictable shape [11]. In this way, the energy community works for the benefit of the whole grid and not just the small scale MG [12]. To achieve this, a real-time controller is required that allows the small-scale MG to accurately follow a reference value for the power drawn from the main electric grid, where this reference is created by a higher level controller which considers both local and system wide factors.Alternatively, large scale energy storage systems (ESS) (>1 MWh) will play a key role in solving problems such as intermittency of supply and loss of inertia which are challenging electricity grid operation [13], and many grid operators are encouraging the use of ESS to address, for example, increasing demand peaks and network congestion [14].Much of the existing research focusing on microgrid energy management (MGEM) is oriented towards determining the best operating scenario for the MG [15][16][17]. In [18], Carlos et al. introduce a new iterative algorithm that mana...

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Optimum community energy storage for renewable energy and demand load management

Cited by 145 publications

References 22 publications

Organizing prosumers into electricity trading communities: Costs to attain electricity transfer limitations and self‐sufficiency goals

Organizing prosumers into electricity trading communities: Costs to attain electricity transfer limitations and self‐sufficiency goals

Status quo and perspectives of biogas production for energy and material utilization

Real-Time Energy Management for a Small Scale PV-Battery Microgrid: Modeling, Design, and Experimental Verification

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