Optimizing the piezoelectric vibration of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.25PbTiO3 single crystal by alternating current polarization for ultrasonic transducer

Abstract

Alternate current poling (ACP) is an effective method to enhance the piezoelectric performance of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3 (PMN-xPT) single crystals dramatically. For their application in piezoelectric transducers for medical imaging, the beam mode vibration of PMN-0.25PT single crystal resonators after ACP was investigated by combining experimental impedance measurements and finite element simulation. The complete material coefficients of PMN-0.25PT single crystals were obtained by using pulse-echo ultrasound and inverse impedance spectroscopy. Compared to traditional direct current poling (DCP), the beam mode electromechanical coupling coefficient (k33′) of PMN-0.25PT for ACP reaches up to 89.1% from 84.5% of DCP. As the attribution of the special periodic stripe domain structure (109° domain), the lateral vibration will be suppressed effectively in the array transducer. This indicates that AC-poled PMN-0.25PT single crystals can be an efficient strategy to obtain higher sensitivity and a larger bandwidth in ultrasonic transducers.

Recent progress on AC poling of relaxor-PbTiO3 ferroelectric single crystals: a review

“…With optimized ACP conditions of 5.8 kV cm −1 at 50 Hz for 20 cycles, the T 33 e /ε 0 and d 33 at RT of the preDCP + ACP SC improved to 7120 and 2610 pC/N, which were 48% and 54% higher than that of the DCP SCs. Zhang et al 52,53) of SICCAS reported finite element modeling simulation and comparison of electroacoustic properties for ACP phased arrays and DCP phased arrays. The (c) pinning effect of DCP caused some dipoles not to reverse after poling; (d) ACP with a sine signal made the dipoles reorient to the positive direction after several cycles; (e) ACP more easily eliminates the pinning effect during P s reversal with the negative direction; (f) saturated polarization switching finished after the ACP field moved out.…”

Enhanced piezoelectric and dielectric properties of AC poled sliver-mode Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 single crystals for ultrasonic abdomen probes

“…3(g) and 3(h). 16,17) Figure 3(i)-3(l) indicated k′ 33 mode vibration with a range from 1 M to 25 MHz. Some SMVs between the fundamental mode and overtone mode were observed, which means non-uniform domain structures and ferroelectric phases were induced by the dicing.…”

“…15) Xu and Zhang et al reported the finite element modeling (FEM) simulation of DCP and ACP PMN-0.25PT SCs (L14.5 × W0.2 × T0.4 mm 3 ) for phased array ultrasonic transducers using rectangular beam-mode samples grown by the OC-BM method, with a center frequency of 3 MHz. 16,17) Wan and Luo et al revealed its effectiveness for sliver-mode DCP and ACP PMN-0.27PT SCs (L20 × W2 × T6 mm 3 ) grown by the OC-BM method with resonance frequency lower than 150 kHz. 18,19) Furthermore, Ma et al showed the performance of DCP and ACP 1-3 piezocomposite materials (10 × 10 × 1 mm 3 ) under various poling conditions.…”

Impact of Thickness and Poling Condition on Dielectric and Piezoelectric Properties of Pb(In0.5Nb0.5)O3–PbTiO3 Ferroelectric Crystals

“…The change of shear piezoelectric properties can also be caused by the distorted lattice after ACP. [ 32 ] In addition, the ACP can make relaxor–PT ferroelectric single crystals with the new phase, such as monoclinic phase. Based on polarization rotation mechanism, [ 1 ] the new phase provides a flatter polar rotation path for polarization rotation.…”