Optimizing Orthotopic Bladder Tumor Implantation in a Syngeneic Mouse Model

Abstract

We report a reliable, feasible method of orthotopically implanting bladder tumor cells into a syngeneic mouse model. Poly-L-lysine and trypsin are useful adjunctive pretreatment agents to improve bladder tumor uptake. This model may be suitable to evaluate treatment paradigms for bladder cancer.

Establishment of a Novel Bladder Cancer Xenograft Model in Humanized Immunodeficient Mice

“…The procedures to produce such models are time-consuming and tumor uptake is often poor [28]. Among the existing orthotopic models, pretreatment with poly-L-lysine and trypsinoptimized orthotopic bladder tumor implantation is required to improve bladder tumor uptake [29]. Unexpectedly, the tumor size is still extremely limited due to the small murine bladder capacity [29,30].…”

Fractionated intravesical radioimmunotherapy with213Bi-anti-EGFR-MAb is effective without toxic side-effects in a nude mouse model of advanced human bladder carcinoma

“…Increase of 2.5 £ 10 5 to 2 £ 10 6 cells incre-ased the rate of tumor establishment from 30% up to 93%. 21,23 In the present study 2 £ 10 6 EJ28-luc cells in 50 ml RPMImedium were instilled intravesically and catheters left in the murine bladders for the duration of 2.5 h which lead to tumor establishment in 61.5%. No overexpansion of bladders and therefore no tumor growth in the upper urinary tract were observed.…”

“…Furthermore the direct injection of tumor cells often leads to muscle-invasive and metastasized carcinomas and causes complications resulting from surgery. 23,24 Transurethral instillation of bladder carcinoma cells via a catheter results in superficial tumors in up to 80%, however the tumor incidence is barely reproducible because of the glycosaminoglycanlayer on the surface of the urothelium which functions as a natural protective barrier against external substances and cell adhesion. 25 Different rates of tumor establishment have been reported following cauterization of the bladder, ranging from 54% using MBT-683 cells to 100% with murine bladder cancer MB49.…”

Lenalidomide augments the efficacy of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) immunotherapy in vivo

“…While orthotopic models have been well established using C3H mice and MBT-2 cells [30], we chose to use the flank model with direct tumor injection of BCG based on traditional literature [19,20] to facilitate serial measurements without the usage of complicated imaging techniques. Further, the intratumoral injection of BCG, as opposed to intravesical therapy, allowed a decreased risk of anesthesia-related complications during therapy.…”