Optimized Method for Preparation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> Nanoparticles Dispersion for Biological Study

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to develop a practical method to prepare a stable dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles for biological studies. To address this matter a variety of different approaches for suspension of nanoparticles were conducted. TiO2 (rutile/anatase) dispersions were prepared in distilled water following by treated with different ultrasound energies and various dispersion stabilizers (1.0% carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.5% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose K4M, 100% fetal bovine serum, and 2.5% bovine serum albumin). The average size of dispersed TiO2 (rutile/anatase) nanoparticles was measured by dynamic light scattering device. Agglomerate sizes of TiO2 in distilled water and 100% FBS were estimated using TEM analysis. Sedimentation rate of TiO2 (rutile/anatase) nanoparticles in dispersion was monitored by optical absorbance detection. In vitro cytotoxicity of various stabilizers in 16-HBE cells was measured using MTT assay. The optimized process for preparation of TiO2 (rutile/anatase) nanoparticles dispersion was first to vibrate the nanoparticles by vortex and disperse particles by ultrasonic vibration in distilled water, then to add dispersion stabilizers to the dispersion, and finally to sonicate the nanoparticles in dispersion. TiO2 (rutile/anatase) nanoparticles were disaggregated sufficiently with an ultrasound energy of 33 W for 10 min. The formation of TiO2 (rutile/anatase) agglomerates in distilled water was decreased obviously by addition of 1.0% CMC, 0.5% HPMC K4M, 100% FBS and 2.5% BSA. For the benefit of cell growth, FBS is the most suitable stabilizer for preparation of TiO2 (rutile/anatase) particle dispersions and subsequent investigation of the in vivo and in vitro behavior of TiO2 (rutile/anatase) nanoparticles. This method is practicable to prepare a stable dispersion of TiO2 (rutile/anatase) nanoparticles for at least 120 h.

Titanium dioxide induces apoptotic cell death through reactive oxygen species-mediated Fas upregulation and Bax activation

“…The sub-100 nm fraction (ie, TiO 2 P25-70 ) was found to be stable without agglomeration and sedimentation for more than a week, whereas the TiO 2 P25-300 and TiO 2 P25-130 fractions were easily aggregated and sedimented in slight acidic conditions (pH [4][5] cause problems in performing accurate and reproducible toxicity assessments of nanoparticles. 5,[23][24][25][26][27] To overcome this problem of colloidal instability, nanoparticles are often stabilized with various surface-modifying ligands. 19 In this study, rather than adding additional surface-modifying compounds, fetal bovine serum (a supplement used for in vitro cell culture) was used as an efficient stabilizing agent.…”

Interaction of curcumin nanoformulations with human plasma proteins and erythrocytes

“…This variation in the morphology of nanoparticles is similar to that caused by the formation of soft corona or loosely bound proteins on metal or polymer nanoparticle surfaces. 50,53,54 High accumulation of dark spots in the β-cyclodextrin and cellulose curcumin nanoformulations after HSA incubation is related to the stain (uranyl acetate, Figure 2A, red arrows) used to assist detection under transmission electron microscopy, not to actual nanoparticle aggregation. This may be because a higher rate of adsorption of metal ions to β-cyclodextrin and/or cellulose exists through an inclusion complex or ionic bonding.…”

Hybrid Magnetic Hydrogel: A Potential System for Controlled Drug Delivery by Means of Alternating Magnetic Fields

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