Optimized expression and purification of a soluble BMP2 variant based on in-silico design

Goat mammary epithelial cells provide a better expression system for production of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 compared to Chinese hamster ovarian cells

“…However, the protein's cost remains exorbitant and beyond the reach of common people. The reasons mainly are its complicated post‐translational modifications resulting in a very costly in‐vitro downstream processing in prokaryotic systems and very poor yield in mammalian cellular systems 7,10 . BMP2 further has a very short half‐life in circulation 12–14 .…”

“…Recombinant human BMP2 (rhBMP2) was approved by the FDA in 2002 for treatment of bone repair, tibial fracture healing and spinal fusion 9 . However, production of bioactive rhBMP2 has remained a cumbersome process since prokaryotic production systems run into issues with post‐translational modifications 10 . The post‐translational modifications in BMP2 are complex and involve multiple cleavage reactions to produce the bioactive dimeric protein 11 .…”

Pharmacology of Heparin and Related Drugs: An Update

“…BMP-2 promoting heparin mimetics such as sulfated chitosan has also been described (Zheng et al, 2021). Difficulties in expressing BMP-2 in prokaryotic systems have been addressed by the design of a modified BMP-2 protein with increased solubility (due to hydrophilic mutations) and enhanced heparin binding (due to extension of the N-terminal heparinbinding sequence) (Heinks et al, 2021). The BMP-2 heparin interaction has also been made use of in a mineralized ECM/heparin scaffold loaded with a BMP-2 peptide, designed for guided regeneration of osteoporotic lesions (Sun et al, 2018).…”

An osteoinductive surface by adhesive bone morphogenetic protein-2 prepared using the bioorthogonal approach for tight binding of titanium with bone

“…10,11,38 Although various approaches have been tested, the process of preparing biologically active BMP-2 dimers remains challenging. [39][40][41][42] The objective of the present study was to create an adhesive BMP-2 that can be stably adsorbed onto metals, such as Ti, to promote Ti binding to bones. We aimed to design a highly active adhesive and dimer-forming BMP-2 using bioorthogonal chemistry, wherein recombinant DNA technology was combined with enzymatic modifications to achieve long-term osseointegration with Ti.…”

“…10,11,38 Although various approaches have been tested, the process of preparing biologically active BMP-2 dimers remains challenging. 39–42…”