Optimized energy management system to reduce fuel consumption in remote military microgrids

Abstract

Abstract-This paper presents an optimized energy management system (OEMS) to control the microgrid of a remote temporary military base featuring the diesel generators, the battery energy storage system (BESS) and photovoltaic panels (PV). The information of the expected electric demand is suitably used to improve the sizing and management of the BESS. The OEMS includes power electronics to charge the batteries from either the PV source or the diesel generators, it can function as a current source when it is supplementing the power from one of the generators or as a voltage source when it is the sole source of power for the loads. The novelty in the overall optimization procedure lies (i) in using Special Ordered Sets (SOSs) for the semicontinuous function handling and (ii) in integrating economic evaluations, by properly taking into account how the size of BESS affects its charge/discharge cycle, thus the lifetime. Results from optimization are employed by the OEMS to coordinate the energy sources and match the critical and non critical loads with the available supply. Fuel savings of ≈ 30% (and ≈ 50% adding the PV source) can be achieved with respect to the already improved, but not optimal, solution of a previous work.

Stand-alone AC-DC microgrid-based wind-solar hybrid generation scheme with autonomous energy exchange topologies suitable for remote rural area power supply

“…The specifications of laboratory test rig are given in Appendix A. The experimental arrangement is shown in Figure , where a 10 kW, separately excited DC motor with essential torque control mechanism that emulates the wind turbine is coupled to the DFIG rotor . The stator and rotor currents are sensed through Hall Effect sensors LTS25NP (LEM make), while the voltage sensing is implemented through CV3‐1000(LEM make).…”

“…Moreover, use of SCIGs for wind power generation plants will create technical challenges during low wind speed situations . Under such circumstances, involving large numbers inverters and diesel generator, technically appropriate schemes are proposed in Merabet et al and Anglani et al, respectively, which again not feasible from economic and environmental point of view. Therefore, for reliable and sustainable rural power supply, the technology must be equipped with the operational strategy so that it will be beneficial for both consumers as well as generation operators .…”

Retracted: Optimal energy dispatch in microgrids with renewable energy sources and demand response

“…A generalized architecture proposed for energy management in MGs based on multiagent system. The MGEM problem formulations were often aimed at minimizing operating costs or at minimizing both the operating cost and emissions, cost of generation and BES, fuel consumption, system cost, power loss, net present cost (NPC), power fluctuations, electricity cost, energy exchange between main grid and MG, reliability and security margin, maximizing revenue, and renewable power production . Although the objective function of the energy management problem in Carpinelli et al includes several objectives, such as minimizing grid voltage deviations, power losses, security margins, and energy imported from the main grid and the objective function presented in Zheng et al includes minimizing customer's costs, emissions, load peak, and load curve fluctuations, but the proposed MG configuration only consists of renewable sources and electrical vehicles, and controllable DGs or ESS are not considered.…”

“…Different optimization techniques have been used to solve the MGEM problem. These techniques includes robust optimization, evolutionary approach, linear programming, nonlinear programming, dynamic programming, stochastic programming, multi‐period imperialist competition, Lyapunov optimization, multi‐objective cross entropy, distributed algorithm, nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), model predictive control, heuristic approach, fuzzy logic, multistep hierarchical, chance constrained programming, artificial intelligence, tabu search, graph theory, SOC‐based control strategy, MATPOWER, GA, flexible time frame, column and constraint generation algorithm, chaotic group search optimizer, Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), water cycle algorithm (WCA), Moth‐Flame Optimizer (MFO), and hybrid Particle Swarm‐Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO‐GSA) . MGEM problem has been studied in conjunction with demand response (DR) program .…”

Hierarchical control architecture for resilient interconnected microgrids for mass transit systems

“…Benefits include: (i) reduced greenhouse gas emissions, (ii) continuous supply to the load, (iii) reduced costs, (iv) reduced losses, and (v) increased resilience [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. An emerging trend in MG research is interconnected MGs, also referred to as multi-microgrids, herein improving efficiency of the overall system, higher level of redundancy, and more robust operation during emergency events [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”