Retracted: Optimal energy dispatch in microgrids with renewable energy sources and demand response

Abstract

Summary Integration of renewable energy sources provides energy security, substantial cost savings, and reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, enabling nation to meet emission targets. Microgrid energy management (MGEM) is a challenging task for microgrid operator (MGO) for optimal energy utilization with penetration of renewable energy sources, energy storage devices, and demand response. In this paper, optimal energy dispatch strategy is established for grid‐connected and stand‐alone microgrids integrated with photovoltaic, wind turbine, fuel cell, microturbine, diesel generator, and battery storage system. Techno‐economic benefits are demonstrated for the hybrid power system considering uncertainty of load and generation. So far, MGEM problem has been addressed with the aim of minimizing operating cost only. However, the issues of power losses and emission‐related objectives need to be addressed for effective MGEM. In this paper, MGEM is formulated as mixed‐integer linear programming, and a new multi‐objective solution is proposed for MGEM. Demand response is also included in the optimization problem to demonstrate its impact on optimal energy dispatch and techno‐commercial benefits. Simulation results are obtained for the optimal capacity of each component, charging/discharging scheduling, state of charge, power import from main grid, net present cost, cost of energy, initial cost, operational cost, fuel cost, and cost of emissions taking care of seasonal load variation throughout the year. The results show that CO2 emission in stand‐alone microgrid is reduced by 41.74% compared with traditional system with diesel generator. Simulation results obtained with the proposed method has been compared with various evolutionary algorithms to verify its effectiveness.

Design and analysis of a microgrid system for reliable rural electrification

“…With time, the actual performance of the solar module gets affected by various factors such as dust accumulation, shading, high temperatures, wire losses due to ageing, etc 27 . The output power of the solar array P PV (kW) can be calculated as 28,29 where Y PV denotes the rated capacity of PV modules (kW), f PV represents the PV derating factor, G ( β , α ) characterizes the net irradiance (kWm −2 ), G STC is incident irradiance (Wm −2 ), γ represents the temperature coefficient, T C is cell temperature (°C) and T STC is cell temperature under standard test condition (STC) (°C).…”

“…With time, the actual performance of the solar module gets affected by various factors such as dust accumulation, shading, high temperatures, wire losses due to ageing, etc. 27 The output power of the solar array P PV (kW) can be calculated as 28,29…”

Research on Fast Identification and Location of Contour Features of Electric Vehicle Charging Port in Complex Scenes

“…The usage of electric vehicles is continuously increasing, thanks to their advantages such as energy saving, environmental protection, zero exhaust emissions, and zero consumption of petroleum resources [1]- [4]. At the same time, they have attracted a significant amount of attention from governments and many automobile manufacturers.…”

Design and analysis of a photovoltaic‐battery ‐ methanol‐diesel power system

“…As a measure to satisfy the electricity requirements of their citizens, many countries have resulted in the development of conventional power plants. On the other hand, the utilization of fossil fuels for power generation can cause global warming, acid rain, health challenges and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission 3 . The global energy consumption has been predicted to increase by 50% in 2050, with the bulk of the load demand coming from developing countries 4 .…”