Design and analysis of a microgrid system for reliable rural electrification

Abstract

Summary Microgrid systems based on renewable energy sources can play a significant role in providing cost‐effective, environmentally friendly and reliable electrical supply to the people living in rural areas of India. This assessment aims to design and evaluate the performance of a grid‐connected microgrid system comprising of photovoltaic (PV) arrays, wind energy generating units and battery energy storage system (BESS). The realistic load data of a small village, Tandwal, located in Ambala district of Haryana, India, is considered for this assessment. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is performed to find out the effect of load demand, solar radiation, utility grid price, grid outages, capital cost of BESS, solar module cost and power converter loading ratio in the proposed microgrid system. The results show that the PV‐BESS‐utility grid system is an optimal solution with renewable energy penetration at the studied location. The feed‐in tariff/net metering makes the overall system sustainable and improves its reliability with unmet load as well as capacity shortage.

Optimum Sizing and Economic Assessment of Hybrid Microgrid for Domestic Load Under Various Scenario

“…For grid connected system, flat rate tariff of $ 0.06/kWh is considered. In case of feed-in tariff facility, selling price to the grid has been considered as $ 0.05/kWh [32].…”

“…The limit and rate of charging/discharging ought to be inside a permissible range. The various cost and performance parameters are considered as per reference [32].…”

“…Where, is the inverter efficiency The various cost and performance parameters are considered as per reference [32].…”

“…Net Present Cost (NPC) is calculated by summarizing different costs like capital, replacement, O&M, fuel, various penalties, salvage cost, power purchase cost and revenue from power sell back to the grid over the entire lifetime of the project [32]. (7) Where i describe the yearly real interest rate in %, N represents project duration.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Control Strategies and Optimization Methods for Individual and Community Microgrids

“…In [71,72], the cost function is defined in order to minimize fuel cost. The operation cost is the primary concern of MGs in order to reduce the capital cost [73][74][75], replacement cost [76,77], and operation and maintenance (O&M) cost [78,79].…”