Optimization process of organic matter removal from wastewater by using Eichhornia crassipes

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the optimal conditions for organic matter removal from wastewater by Eichhornia crassipes (E.C). As a matter of fact, a complete factorial design was used to determine the effect of residence time (X), plant density (X) and initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration (X) on the phytoremediation process. The process's performance was measured on COD (Y), NH (Y) and PO (Y), with the results indicating a reduction of 8.59-81.71% of COD (Y); 22.53-95.81% of NH (Y) and 0.54-99.35% of PO (Y). Then, the first-order models obtained for COD, NH and PO removal were validated using different statistical approaches such as statistical and experimental validation. Moreover, multi-response optimization was carried out through different scenarios. On the whole, the results obtained indicated that two serial ponds are required for an optimum organic matter removal by Eichhornia crassipes. Indeed, for the first pond, a residence time of 15 days is needed with a plant density of 60 ft/m and an initial concentration of about 944 mg/L. The second was the same residence time as the first with similar plant density of 60 ft/m and an initial load 192 mg/L (> 200 mg/L). Optimal organic matter removal from wastewater using Eichhornia crassipes requires two ponds arranged in chain.

Estimation of equilibrium times and maximum capacity of adsorption of heavy metals by E. crassipes (review)

“…The aquatic plant, E. crassipes, grows in wetlands and is usually contaminated with organic matter, which tends to its rapid expansion in the surface where a layer is created that does not allow oxygen access to the interior of the water; therefore, they cease to exist microorganisms vital to the ecosystem. (Martínez et al 2013;Saraswat and Rai 2010;Feng et al 2017;Liu et al 2018;Mohammed et al 2018;Adornado et al 2017;Rani et al 2017;Mahunon et al 2018).…”

Eco Pesantren development: Challenges and opportunities to conservation development

“…3a). According to Kumari & Tripathi (2014) and Mahunon et al (2018), E. crassipes might be utilized for the removal organic matter and pollutans from wastewater. Therefore, pesantren Al-Zaytun has successfully managed sustainable wastewater treatment as the primary water source to support rural and urban sustainability, also as a part of a water conservation approach to achieve green development.…”

Systematic Review of the Efficiency of Aquatic Plants in the Wastewater Treatment

“…These are plants that are found on the surface of the water where their structure is either its stem, root, leaves, and flowers are floating freely. Its main function in wastewater treatment is to retain contaminants and clarify or filter the water [11] [29]. Within this type of plant, we find: Scirpus Validus, Typha latifolia, Ceratophyllum demersum, Potamogeton pectinatus, Maranta arundinacea, Lemna spp, Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia Stratiotes.…”