Optimization of transesterification process using homogeneous and nano‐heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production from Mangifera indica oil

Abstract

The Mangifera indica oil is a nonedible vegetable oil, which is available in large quantities in mango cultivating countries including India. Very little published work has been found on transesterification process. In present study, the transesterification processes with homogeneous catalysts like NaOH, KOH and heterogeneous solid catalysts like nano MgO (crystal size 6-42 nm, BET surface area 50 m 2 /gm), nano ZnO (crystal size 15-48 nm, BET surface area 12 m 2 / gm), and nano SiO 2 (crystal size 1-44 nm, BET surface area 110 m 2 /gm) for optimizing production process of Mangifera indica oil methyl ester (MOME) have been investigated. Effect of input parameters viz. methanol-to-oil molar ratio, catalyst type and its loading, reaction temperature, stirrer speed, and reaction time on the yield of MOME was studied by applying the orthogonal experimental array L 25 . ANOVA (F-test at P 5 0.05) and grey relational technique were used for optimization of yield. The optimal combination of six input variables was obtained for optimized yield of (MOME) biodiesel. The optimal combination so obtained was further confirmed through experiments. Methanol-to-oil molar ratio, catalyst type and catalyst loading were the most influencing parameters. The biodiesel produced is within the limits prescribed by EN-14214 standard.

Effect of Temperature on Interesterification of Rapeseed Oil with Methyl Acetate in Presence of BuOK/BuOH

“…The various influence of the temperature on FAME and TA content in the interesterification referred to in this work could be similar to the influence of reaction time, and therefore it seems to be very feasible. It has been shown that the raising of temperature in transesterification reactions cannot increase the FAME content in all cases [15] and also can occur in some reactions with maxima for all variables [1]. In all cases such result could be explained by the influence of different side reactions, proceeding in the presence of catalyst as competing for the desired ones.…”

Waste to bioenergy: a review on the recent conversion technologies

“…One example is heterogeneous catalyst which is environmentally friendly and recyclable. They are capable of producing high yield of biodiesel and can be separated from the liquid easily apart from possess a long lifespan [51,125]. A study by Tahvildari et al used CaO and MgO heterogenic nano-catalyst coupling for the transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel from recycled cooking oil.…”

“…The results indicated that nano-SiO 2 had the highest yield due to its super-acidity characteristics that had a positive effect on the catalytic reactivity. Nano-SiO 2 also performs as a robust activators which can stimulate the reaction to obtain maximum yield [51]. The development of Ag/bauxite nanocomposites for biodiesel production has also been performed [52].…”

Transesterification of Soybean Oil through Different Homogeneous Catalysts: Kinetic Study

“…In that sense, homogeneous catalysis is still economically feasible, requiring washing treatments and the subsequent water treatment to neutralize the corresponding catalyst [21]. This way, many researchers have compared homogeneous catalysts (both acid and base) with other kinds of catalysts, such as heterogeneous or nano-heterogeneous catalysts, taking the former as a reference to compare the efficiency of the process [18,[22][23][24][25][26][27].…”