2021
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030303
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Optimization of Tilmicosin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Using Orthogonal Design for Overcoming Oral Administration Obstacle

Abstract: Tilmicosin (TMS) is widely used to treat bacterial infections in veterinary medicine, but the clinical effect is limited by its poor solubility, bitterness, gastric instability, and intestinal efflux transport. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are nowadays considered to be a promising vector of therapeutic drugs for oral administration. In this study, an orthogonal experimental design was applied for optimizing TMS-loaded NLCs (TMS-NLCs). The ratios of emulsifier to mixed lipids, stearic acid to oleic acid… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
(5 citation statements)
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References 44 publications
(49 reference statements)
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“…Therefore, the effect of four factors decreased in the following order: A > D > B > C, indicating A, i.e., the concentration of iodine in potassium iodide solution, was the most important one among the factors. In Table 2, K1, K2, and K3 represented the mean values of the evaluation index for the three levels corresponding to one factor [23]. The higher concentration of iodine would contribute to the iodine loading.…”
Section: Uio-66-nh 2 Loading Iodinementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Therefore, the effect of four factors decreased in the following order: A > D > B > C, indicating A, i.e., the concentration of iodine in potassium iodide solution, was the most important one among the factors. In Table 2, K1, K2, and K3 represented the mean values of the evaluation index for the three levels corresponding to one factor [23]. The higher concentration of iodine would contribute to the iodine loading.…”
Section: Uio-66-nh 2 Loading Iodinementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the literature [ 19 , 20 , 21 ] and previously conducted experiments, the following four key factors that affect the encapsulation efficiency of RTPUU microcapsules were selected: (1) the N3300-to-L75 shell material mass ratio, (2) core-to-shell material mass ratio, (3) emulsifier concentration, and (4) shear rate during emulsification. Subsequently, a four-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment ( Table 1 and Table 2 ) was designed using the Orthogonality Experiment Assistant II software (Sharetop Software Studio, V 3.1, Beijing Qingsi Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China)).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Poor stability, low intestinal absorption rates, and bioavailability hinder the development of plant products (Basu et al, 2023; McClements, 2020; Rahman et al, 2020; Z. Zhang, He, et al, 2021). For example, certain orally administered plant compounds undergo degradation by the reticuloendothelial system and proteolytic enzymes after entering the bloodstream, decreasing the plasma drug concentration and bioavailability (Jana et al, 2021; Z. Li, Zhu, et al, 2023; J. Wen, Gao, et al, 2021; Xiao et al, 2021). Additionally, due to the first‐pass effect in the liver (Basto et al, 2021; Varma et al, 2010; Q. Yan et al, 2021), active compounds might be metabolized into highly polar excretable forms (X. Feng et al, 2021; Sharifi et al, 2012; Viera et al, 2018), altering their molecular structure and pharmacological activity (Alferiev et al, 2015; X. Wang, Hui, et al, 2019).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, certain orally administered plant compounds undergo degradation by the reticuloendothelial system and proteolytic enzymes after entering the bloodstream, decreasing the plasma drug concentration and bioavailability (Jana et al, 2021;Z. Li, Zhu, et al, 2023;J. Wen, Gao, et al, 2021;Xiao et al, 2021).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%