Optimization of the extraction process of antioxidants from loquat leaves using response surface methodology

Abstract

This study is designed to optimize the extraction of polyphenolics and antioxidant potential of loquat leaves using response surface methodology (RSM). Three levels and three variables Box‐Behnken experimental design in combination with RSM was applied. Independent variables were solvent concentration (10–90%), temperature (20–60°C) and time (60–180 min), while investigated response was total phenolic content as well as antioxidant activity. The experimental results were fitted to a second‐order quadratic polynomial model, and they showed a good fit to the proposed model. In order to assess model fitness and determine optimal conditions, for maximal phenolic content and antioxidant activity, analysis of variance was employed. Determined optimized conditions for maximizing yield of antioxidant compounds were within the experimental range: ethanol concentration of 88.4%, extraction temperature of 28°C, extraction time of 70.8 min. Under these conditions, the predicted maximum values were TP‐77.18 mg GAE/g, DPPH‐80.42 mg TE/g, CUPRAC‐308.87 mg TE/g and FRAP‐164.12 mg TE/g. Practical applications Plant phenolics have remarkable biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer. Therefore, their extraction techniques have gained more attention in recent years. This study was designed to detect optimal extraction conditions of independent factors (i.e. solvent concentration, temperature and time) in order to obtain the highest yields of phenolics from loquat leaves as well as antioxidant activity. This study could be valuable for designing new nutraceutical and functional food ingredients in terms of high recovery of phenolics from loquat leaves.

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Iron Nanoparticles for Effective Adsorption of Cr(VI)

“…where ΔH and entropy change ΔS were calculated from the slope and intercept of the linear plot of ln K c versus 1/T according to the Van't Hoff equation (equation (7) while ΔG was calculated according to equation (8). e equilibrium constant (K c ) values were calculated from the following equation [1]:…”

“…Among biosynthetic procedures, the exploitation of plant extracts has a privileged position for nanoparticle preparation since plant leaves are inexpensive, natural, environmentally friendly, harmless, readily available, and suitable for scale-up steps. Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) is an Asian yellow fruit belonging to the Rosaceae family, and its leaves are used widely for medicinal purpose against cough and asthma diseases in Turkey [8,9]. Loquat leaves are very rich in terms of phenols, flavonoids, triterpene acids, and polysaccharides.…”

Preparation and Identification of Antioxidative Peptides from Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii) Protein

“…The protease, which exhibited the highest cellular antioxidant activity, would be chosen for the next experiment. Additionally, we used RSM to obtain the optimum hydrolysis conditions [38].…”

Kinetic Modelling of Anthocyanin Extraction from Grape (Vitis vinifera) using Response Surface Methodology

“…When there are variations in pH, structural changes occur in phenolic substances present in this pigment such as cyanidin, delphinidin and pelargonidin [12]. It is important to select a good source of pigment that gives the best yield and is cost effective, to determine the appropriate method of extracting anthocyanin [11]. Grape and grape skin are found to be good sources of anthocyanins, and is easily obtainable.…”