Optimization of substrate preparation for oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) cultivation by studying different raw materials and substrate preparation conditions (composting: phases I and II)

Abstract

In recent years, oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) has become one of the most cultivated mushrooms in the world, mainly in Brazil. Among many factors involved in a mushroom production, substrate preparation is the most critical step, which can be influenced by composting management techniques. Looking forward to optimizing the substrate preparation process, were tested different composting conditions (7 and 14 days of composting with or without conditioning), potential raw materials (decumbens grass, brizantha grass and sugarcane straw) and nitrogen supplementation (with or without wheat bran) on oyster mushroom yield and biological efficiency (BE). The substrate composted for 7 days with conditioning showed higher yield and biological efficiency of mushroom (24.04 and 100.54 %, respectively). Substrates without conditioning (7 and 14 days of composting) showed smaller mushroom yield and biological efficiency. Among the raw materials tested, brizantha grass showed higher mushroom yield followed by decumbens grass, sugarcane straw and wheat straw (28.5, 24.32, 23.5 and 19.27 %, respectively). Brizantha grass also showed higher biological efficiency followed by sugarcane straw, decumbens grass and wheat straw (123.95, 103.70, 96.90 and 86.44 %, respectively). Supplementation with wheat bran improved yield and biological efficiency in all substrate formulations tested; thus, oyster mushroom yield and biological efficiency were influenced by substrate formulation (raw materials), supplementation and composting conditions.

Exploring oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) substrate preparation by varying phase I composting time: changes in bacterial communities and physicochemical composition of biomass impacting mushroom yields

“…Mushroom yield (Y) was determined according to Vieira and Andrade () ((fresh weight mushroom/fresh weight substrate) × 100). The harvest period started 5 days after the spawn run stage and was continued for 45 additional days, totalling 50 days.…”

“…Among the many factors involved in oyster mushroom production, substrate preparation is considered one of the most critical steps representing the major cost associated with mushroom production (Lee et al . ; Vieira and Andrade ). Substrate preparation by composting for oyster mushroom cultivation is relatively new and is often a challenge to growers since little is known about the specific requirements for substrate preparation following this method (Lee et al .…”

“…composting), (ii) spawn run (substrate colonization by the mushroom mycelium) and (iii) pinning/harvesting (mushroom fructification and mushroom harvest) (Lee et al . ; Sánchez ; Vieira and Andrade ). Among the many factors involved in oyster mushroom production, substrate preparation is considered one of the most critical steps representing the major cost associated with mushroom production (Lee et al .…”

“…a primary decomposer able to grow well on a broad range of agricultural and/or agro-industrial by-products such as straw, grass, sawdust, coffee pulp, among others (Chang and Miles 2004; S anchez 2010).The P. ostreatus cropping process can be divided into three main steps: (i) substrate preparation (i.e. composting), (ii) spawn run (substrate colonization by the mushroom mycelium) and (iii) pinning/harvesting (mushroom fructification and mushroom harvest) (Lee et al 2002;S anchez 2010;Vieira and Andrade 2016). Among the many factors involved in oyster mushroom production, substrate preparation is considered one of the most critical steps representing the major cost associated with Journal of Applied Microbiology 126, 931--944…”

Utilization of Ceramic Beads for Edible Mushrooms Cultivation

“…In a sizable substantial mushroom production, substrates preparation is the most critical and expensive step, and demands years of experience, knowledge, and investment in infrastructure [7] [8]. There are many residues that can be used as substrates depending on the availability of places and the supplementations to be used according to the species and nutritional particulars of the residue [6].…”