Optimization of process condition to improve percentage purity of aloe emodin from aloe vera by extraction using response surface methodology with the central composite design tool

Abstract

Extraction is a common separation technique in major chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and it has traditionally been a recommended method for separating active ingredients. The objectives of this research work were to optimize extraction conditions for the separation of derivatives of anthraquinone compounds, especially Aloe Emodin (AE) from Aloe-Vera latex (AVL) using the tool response surface methodology (RSM). This study used three process variables at different levels (20 experimental design runs) proposed by RSM with central composite design (CCD). Multiple regression analysis was used to produce a quadratic polynomial equation to predict extraction condition. The significant effects of the components were investigated using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The first series of single factor studies determined the range of independent variables, including extraction temperature (60-80°C), agitation speed (750-1250 rpm), and solid loading (10-20 gm). Based on the outcomes of single factor trials, the actual values of the independent variables coded were chosen. The optimum conditions for extraction variables for AE were found to be 77.66 °C (±1 °C), 1015 rpm (±10 rpm), and 20.15 gm (±0.01 gm). The maximum experimental purity of AE attained under these optimized settings was 95.36 percent, which was quite near to projected values.