Optimization of photovoltaic hydrogen production

Siegel, A.

doi:10.1016/0360-3199(88)90076-6

Cited by 37 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Thus, significant research has been performed on PV-EC direct connection systems. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] In this approach, the key factor underlying the high STH efficiency is the use of high-efficiency PV modules. A wired combination of commercially available InGaP= GaAs=Ge triple-junction PV cells and polymer electrolyte EC cells (PEEC) achieved a STH efficiency of 15.1% by using a series connection of two PV and three EC cells, under a 10-sun-equivalent solar simulator.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A 24.4% solar to hydrogen energy conversion efficiency by combining concentrator photovoltaic modules and electrochemical cells

Nakamura

Ota

Koike

et al. 2015

Appl. Phys. Express

139

106

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The highest efficiency of 24.4% for the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) energy conversion was obtained in an outdoor field test by combining concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules with InGaP/GaAs/Ge three-junction cells and polymer-electrolyte electrochemical (EC) cells. The high efficiency was obtained by using the high-efficiency CPV modules (>31% under the present operation conditions) and the direct connection between the CPV modules and the EC cells with an almost optimized number of elements in series. The STH efficiency bottleneck was clarified to be the efficiency of the CPV modules, the over-potential of the EC cells, and matching of the operation point to the maximal-power point of the CPV modules.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A 24.4% solar to hydrogen energy conversion efficiency by combining concentrator photovoltaic modules and electrochemical cells

Nakamura

Ota

Koike

et al. 2015

Appl. Phys. Express

139

106

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…3), although proper designs of the PV array and/or the electrolyzer are required to achieve voltage and power matching between them. 31,32 Let us examine the state-of-the-art half-cut monocrystalline passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) solar modules as an example. A module with 120 half-cut PERC cells outputs 310 Wp under the standard test conditions (AM 1.5 and 25 °C).…”

Section: Solar-powered Electrolytic Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review—Engineering Challenges in Green Hydrogen Production Systems

Tao

Azzolini

Stechel

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Steam methane reforming of natural gas emits about 12 kg of carbon dioxide for 1 kg of hydrogen. Water electrolysis offers an alternative for H2 production, but today’s electrolyzers consume over 55 kWh of electricity for 1 kg of H2. Grid-powered water electrolysis would emit less CO2 when the carbon intensity for grid power falls below 0.22 kg-CO2/kWh. Solar- and wind-powered electrolytic H2 production promises over 80% CO2 reduction, but large-scale (megawatt to gigawatt) direct solar- or wind-powered water electrolysis has yet to be demonstrated. In this paper, several approaches for solar-powered electrolysis are analyzed: 1) coupling a photovoltaic (PV) array with an electrolyzer through alternating current; 2) direct-current (DC) to DC coupling; and 3) direct DC-DC coupling without a power converter. Co-locating a solar or wind farm with an electrolyzer provides a lower power loss and a lower upfront system cost than long-distance power transmission. A load-matching PV system for water electrolysis enables a 10–50% lower levelized cost of electricity than the other systems and excellent scalability from a few kilowatts to a gigawatt. The concept of maximum current point tracking is introduced in place of maximum power point tracking to maximize the H2 output by solar-powered electrolysis.

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“…Different strategies can be found in the available literature for the design of combined PV, electrolyzer, and fuel cell systems. A combination of empirical electrochemical relationships, thermodynamics, and heat transfer theory is used in many reports of a hybrid wind-PV system performance investigation [2,9]. Other reports use energy-exergy and economic analyses of the hybrid solar-hydrogen renewable energy system [12,13].…”

Section: Of 19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking into account the extra energy that the solar PV array must produce using the EL-FC instead of the battery, an oversizing factor can be calculated by Equation (2) considering the relation between the solar PV array energy of the proposed system and that of the preliminary solar PV array of thirty PV modules. The obtained sizing factor is 3, which means that the final number of PV modules required with our new storage system is ninety.…”

Section: Photovoltaic Panelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Renewable energy sources are the solution for the negative environmental impact of fossil fuel combustion and the dependence on oil-producing countries. However, the dependence of renewable energy on weather conditions makes it intermittent [1,2]. Hydrogen is an energy vector that can be coupled to renewable energy sources with many applications in residential, transportation, and industries as an energy storage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary Design of a Self-Sufficient Electrical Storage System Based on Electrolytic Hydrogen for Power Supply in a Residential Application

et al. 2021

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The use of renewable energy and hydrogen technology is a sustainable solution for the intermittent feature of renewable energies. Hence, the aim of the present work is to design a self-sufficient system for a one-family house by coupling a solar photovoltaic array and an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE). The first step is the selection of the photovoltaic panel by using PV-SYST 7.0 software. Then, the hydrogen production system is calculated by coupling the electrolyzer and photovoltaic panel current–potential curves. A fuel cell is selected to use the hydrogen produced when solar energy is not available. Finally, the hydrogen storage tank is also estimated to store hydrogen for a design basis of four consecutive cloudy days according to the hydrogen consumption of the fuel cell. The whole system is designed by a simple procedure for a specific location in Ciudad Real (Spain) for January, which is known as the coldest month of the year. The simple procedure described in this work could be used elsewhere and demonstrated that the hydrogen production at low scale is a suitable technology to use renewable energy for self-energy supporting in a residential application without any connection to the grid.

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Optimization of photovoltaic hydrogen production

Cited by 37 publications

References 11 publications

A 24.4% solar to hydrogen energy conversion efficiency by combining concentrator photovoltaic modules and electrochemical cells

A 24.4% solar to hydrogen energy conversion efficiency by combining concentrator photovoltaic modules and electrochemical cells

Review—Engineering Challenges in Green Hydrogen Production Systems

Preliminary Design of a Self-Sufficient Electrical Storage System Based on Electrolytic Hydrogen for Power Supply in a Residential Application

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