Optimization of phenolics and flavonoids extraction conditions of Curcuma Zedoaria leaves using response surface methodology

Abstract

This study focused on maximizing the extraction yield of total phenolics and flavonoids from Curcuma Zedoaria leaves as a function of time (80–120 min), temperature (60–80 °C) and ethanol concentration (70–90 v/v%). The data were subjected to response surface methodology (RSM) and the results showed that the polynomial equations for all models were significant, did not show lack of fit, and presented adjusted determination coefficients (R2) above 99%, proving their suitability for prediction purposes. Using desirability function, the optimum operating conditions to attain a higher extraction of phenolics and flavonoids was found to be 75 °C, 92 min of extraction time and 90:10 of ethanol concentration ratios. Under these optimal conditions, the experimental values for total phenolics and flavonoids of Curcuma zedoaria leaves were 125.75 ± 0.17 mg of gallic acid equivalents and 6.12 ± 0.23 mg quercetin/g of extract, which closely agreed with the predicted values. Besides, in this study, the leaves from Curcuma zedoaria could be considered to have the strong antioxidative ability and can be used in various cosmeceuticals or medicinal applications.

Optimizing Microwave‐Assisted Extraction Conditions to Obtain Phenolic‐Rich Extract from Chromolaena odorata Leaves

“…According to previous findings, TPC and TFC of (85.64 ± 0.52) mg GAE g DW −1 and (52.72 ± 0.93) mg QE g DW −1 , respectively, were obtained from Vernonia cinerea leaves under MAE conditions of an irradiation time of 2 min, an ethanol concentration of 47 % (v/v), a feed/solvent of 1:14 (g mL −1 ), and a microwave power of 444 W . Moreover, extraction of Curcuma zedoaria leaves resulted in TPC of (125.75 ± 0.17) mg GAE per gram of extract and TFC of (6.12 ± 0.23) mg QE per gram of extract under optimal conditions of an extraction temperature of 75 °C, an extraction time of 92 min, and an ethanol concentration of 90 % (v/v) .…”

“…The optimal recovery of TPC might be due to the polarity of the solvent used in extraction. A previous report showed that ethanol and water were environmentally friendly solvents that could extract a higher quantity of phenolic compounds from the plant matrix . In a similar study, Dahmoune et al obtained a TPC of (162.49 ± 16.95) mg GAE g DW −1 from Myrtus communis leaves under MAE optimal conditions of 42 % (v/v) ethanol concentration, irradiation time of 62 s, microwave power of 500 W, and solvent‐to‐material ratio of 32 (mL g −1 ) .…”

The optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of total flavonoids from pot marigold (Calendulae officinalis L.) flowers

“…The diffusion increases not only because of the increase of the extraction temperature but also due to improved hydrodynamic conditions [44]. Namely, the viscosity of the solvent decreases with increasing the temperature, which increases the penetration rate in the plant material, and consequently the concentration of flavonoids in the extract [45].…”

Central Composite Design as a Tools for Optimization of Antioxidant Activity on Cocoa Shell Extract

“…Besides that, the high temperature can reduce the thermal resistant of a targeted cell in natural material. In a study by Azahar. (2017) show that the range of targeted compound groups such as flavonoid and phenolic were between 60 ºC to 80 ºC [15].…”

“…In a study by Azahar. (2017) show that the range of targeted compound groups such as flavonoid and phenolic were between 60 ºC to 80 ºC [15]. This in agreement with Guangyan et al 2012found the same range to extract the bioactive compound from natural material [16].…”