Optimization of Nitrogen in Durum Wheat in the Mediterranean Climate: The Agronomical Aspect and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions

Tedone, Luigi; Ali, Salem Alhajj; Mastro, Giuseppe De

doi:10.5772/intechopen.70195

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…durum ) is also a tetraploid (genomes AABB) and believed to be a direct descendent of domesticated emmer wheat (Peng, Sun, & Nevo, 2011). It is widely grown in the Middle East and southern Europe (Tedone, Ali, & de Mastro, 2017). The variety Svevo was used for the genome assembly (Svevo.v1, INSDC Assembly GCA_900231445; Maccaferri et al, 2019), with the Svevo × Zavitan genetic map used to order and orient the scaffolds.…”

Section: The Asparagine Synthetase Gene Family Of the Triticeaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cereal asparagine synthetase genes

Raffan

Halford

2020

Annals of Applied Biology

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Asparagine synthetase catalyses the transfer of an amino group from glutamine to aspartate to form glutamate and asparagine. The accumulation of free (nonprotein) asparagine in crops has implications for food safety because free asparagine is the precursor for acrylamide, a carcinogenic contaminant that forms during hightemperature cooking and processing. Here we review publicly available genome data for asparagine synthetase genes from species of the Pooideae subfamily, including bread wheat and related wheat species (Triticum and Aegilops spp.), barley (Hordeum vulgare) and rye (Secale cereale) of the Triticeae tribe. Also from the Pooideae subfamily: brachypodium (Brachypodium dIstachyon) of the Brachypodiae tribe. More diverse species are also included, comprising sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) and maize (Zea mays) of the Panicoideae subfamily and rice (Oryza sativa) of the Ehrhartoideae subfamily. The asparagine synthetase gene families of the Triticeae species each comprise five genes per genome, with the genes assigned to four groups: 1, 2, 3 (subdivided into 3.1 and 3.2) and 4. Each species has a single gene per genome in each group, except that some bread wheat varieties (genomes AABBDD) and emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides; genomes AABB) lack a group 2 gene in the B genome. This raises questions about the ancestry of cultivated pasta wheat and the B genome donor of bread wheat, suggesting that the hybridisation event that gave rise to hexaploid bread wheat occurred more than once. In phylogenetic analyses, genes from the other species cluster with the Triticeae genes, but brachypodium, sorghum and maize lack a group 2 gene, while rice has only two genes, one group 3 and one group 4. This means that TaASN2, the most highly expressed asparagine synthetase gene in wheat grain, has no equivalent in maize, rice, sorghum or brachypodium. An evolutionary pathway is proposed in which a series of gene duplications gave rise to the five genes found in modern Triticeae species.

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Section: The Asparagine Synthetase Gene Family Of the Triticeaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is widely grown in the Middle East and southern Europe(Tedone, Ali, & de Mastro, 2017). The variety Svevo was used for the genome assembly (Svevo.v1, INSDC Assembly GCA_900231445; Maccaferri et al, 2019), with the Svevo × Zavitan genetic map used to order and orient the scaffolds.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cereal asparagine synthetase genes

Raffan

Halford

2020

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…The wheat productivity and quality are mostly influenced by climate variables, nitrogen supply (Morari et al, 2013;Tedone et al, 2018) and land characteristics. Theauthors (Cossani and Sadras, 2018) consider the concept of colimitation in water and Nitrogen availability to explain cereal yield gaps.…”

Section: Nitrogen Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of data fusion oriented on data mining approaches to enhance precision agriculture practices aimed at increase of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) yield

D’Accolti¹,

Maggio²,

Massaro³

et al. 2018

J Food Nut Agri

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In 2050, world population will reach a total of 9 billion inhabitants and their food demand have to be satisfied. Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) is one of the most important food crop and its consumption is increasing worldwide. Productivity growth in agriculture and profitable returns are strongly influenced by investment in research and development, where Precision Agriculture (PA) represents an innovative way to manage farms by introducing the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) into the production process. It is known that farms activities produce large amounts of data. Today ICT allows, with electronic and software systems, to collect and transfer automatically these data, thus increasing yields and profits. In this direction significant data are processed from agricultural production, and retrieved to extract useful information important to increase the knowledge base. Data from multiple data sources can be processed by a Data Fusion (DF) approach able to combine multiple data sources into an unique database system. Raw data are transformed into useful information, thus DF improves pattern recognition, analysis of growth factors, and relationship between crops and environments. Data Fusion is synonym of Data Integration, Sensor Fusion, and Image Fusion. By means of Data Mining (DM) it is possible to extract useful information from data of the production processes thus providing new outputs concerning product quality and product “health status”. The following literature take into account the DF and DM techniques applied to Precision Agriculture (PA) and to cultivation inputs (water, nitrogen, etc.) management. We report also last advances of DF and DM in modern agriculture and in precision durum wheat production.

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“…Understanding the dynamics of C and N pools is crucial in supporting the development of mitigation strategies in agriculture. However, in the literature there are some inconstancies reporting that rate and time of GHGs emissions are influenced by the amount of N fertilizer applied each time and the pedoclimatic variability over the field [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term Response of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Precision Fertilization on Barley

et al. 2022

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Precision fertilization is a promising mitigation strategy to reduce environmental impacts of N-fertilization, but the effective benefits of variable-rate fertilization have not yet been fully demonstrated. We evaluated the short-term response (23 days) of GHGs emissions following variable-rate fertilization on barley. Yields, biomass (grains + straw) and different N-use indicators (N uptake, grain protein concentration, recovery efficiency, physiological efficiency, partial factor productivity of applied nutrient, agronomic efficiency and N surplus) were compared. Four N fertilization treatments were performed: (i) conventional– 150 kg ha−1; (ii) variable with granular fertilizer; (iii) variable with foliar liquid supplement; (iv) no fertilization. According to proximal sensing analysis (Greenseeker Handheld) and crop needs, both variable-rate treatments accounted for 35 kg N ha−1. Cumulative GHGs emissions were not significantly different, leading to the conclusion that the sensor-based N application might not be a GHGs mitigation strategy in current experimental conditions. Results showed that both site-specific fertilizations ensured the maintenance of high yields with a significant N rate reduction (approximately by 75%) and a N use improvement. Variable-rate N fertilization, due to similar yields (~6 tons ha−1) than conventional fertilization and higher protein content in foliar treatment (14%), confirms its effectiveness to manage N during the later phases of growing season.

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Optimization of Nitrogen in Durum Wheat in the Mediterranean Climate: The Agronomical Aspect and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions

Cited by 14 publications

References 70 publications

Cereal asparagine synthetase genes

Cereal asparagine synthetase genes

Assessment of data fusion oriented on data mining approaches to enhance precision agriculture practices aimed at increase of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) yield

Short-term Response of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Precision Fertilization on Barley

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