Optimization of Microwave‐Assisted Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Coriolus versicolor Mushroom Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract

Response surface methodology was applied to optimize microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity from fruiting bodies of Coriolus versicolor mushroom, and to compare its efficiency with conventional reflux extraction. A central composite design was employed for the optimization of three MAE parameters including extraction time (X 1 , min), ethanol concentration (X 2 , %) and microwave power (X 3 , W) for the highest yield of TPC and antioxidant activity measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays in C. versicolor extracts. The optimum conditions were predicted as 3.8 min extraction time, 40% ethanol concentration and 125 W microwave power to obtain maximum values of TPC (470 mg GAE/100 g dm) and antioxidant activity measured by DPPH (773 mM TE/ g dm), ABTS (2,930 mM TE/g dm) and FRAP (1,710 mM TE/g dm) assays, which were statistically verified by comparing with the experimentally observed values. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIn this study, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) showed significant potential as a green extraction method for obtaining Coriolus versicolor mushroom extract rich in polyphenols with higher antioxidant activity as compared to the extracts obtained by reflux extraction. Furthermore, MAE resulted in reduced consumption of energy, time and solvent with higher extraction yield and efficiency. This work demonstrated further feasibility studies on MAE of phytochemicals including polyphenols-rich extracts at industrial scale. Moreover, successful application of response surface methodology has opened future research avenues for optimization of bioactive components from other mushrooms of medicinal importance.anticancer and immune-enhancing properties (Cui and Chisti 2003;Szeto 2008;Sun et al. 2014). Hot water extract of C. versicolor is famous as one of the most effective immune support supplements (Mushroom Science 2015). Multistep hot water extraction has been mainly reported to obtain extract from C. versicolor (Cui and Chisti 2003;Szeto 2008). The RE method for extraction of bioactives components involves 4 h of extraction time at 95 6 58C (MFDS

Monitoring the effect of different microwave extraction parameters on the recovery of polyphenols from shiitake mushrooms: Comparison with hot-water and organic-solvent extractions

“…3 ). This is in accordance with Maeng et al [ 24 ] who mentioned that the extraction time during MAE significantly affected the TPC values and antioxidant capacity of Coriolus versicolor mushroom extracts. Similar results were reported by Zhang et al [ 14 ] who noted that during MAE the yields of phenolic compounds of A. blazei significantly increased from 1 to 5 min and then slightly decreased.…”

“…These results are in accordance with Zhang et al [ 14 ] who found that during MAE, high microwave power (500 W) enhanced the yields of phenolic compounds of A. blazei , while at higher microwave power (700 W) the yields declined. Similarly, Maeng et al [ 24 ] also reported that the microwave power significantly affected the TPC values and antioxidant capacity of Coriolus versicolor mushroom extracts. The microwave power is a parameter that should be included in an RSM design in future studies aiming to optimize the recovery of TPC and antioxidants from shiitake mushrooms.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, to date, two studies have investigated the effects of different MAE parameters on polyphenol recovery from mushrooms. Specifically, Maeng et al [ 24 ] investigated the impact of MAE conditions (extraction time, ethanol concentration, and microwave power) on the recovery of TPC and antioxidants from Coriolus versicolor using response surface methodology (RSM). Zhang et al [ 14 ] investigated the effects of MAE conditions, including ethanol concentration, solid-to-liquid ratio, irradiation time, extraction temperature, irradiation power, and extraction cycle on the recovery of six phenolic compounds from Agaricus blazei .…”

Optimization of green extraction methods for cinnamic acid and cinnamaldehyde from Cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia) by response surface methodology

“…Among RSM designs, central composite design (CCD) is the most widely used approach for statistical process optimization. Along with process and product optimization, RSM provides the additional advantages of low cost and enhanced quality, accompanied by reduced total number of required experimental runs (Ameer et al, 2017b;Maeng et al, 2017).…”

A holistic approach for microwave assisted solvent extraction of phenolic compounds from Ficus benghalensis fruits and its phytochemical profiling

“…Generally, extraction process is affected by various factors such as, temperature, time, solid to solvent ratio, choice of solvent, and nature of raw material (Tiwari, 2015). Therefore, for developing an efficacious extraction process, a crucial step is the optimization of the experimental conditions and RSM (a mathematical model) (Maeng, Shahbaz, Ameer, Jo, & Kwon, 2017) is employed for the optimization of variables in the recent extraction studies.…”