Optimization of Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production by central composite rotatable model of response surface methodology and evaluation of its fuel properties

Abstract

The need for green based technologies to provide both affordable and environmentally sustainable energy and the ever increasing energy demand of the nations across the globe has led the way for economy based energy research. In this research work, Gossypium arboreum seed oil biodiesel production was optimized using a five-level-three-factor central composite rotatable design model of response surface methodology to study the synergistic and antagonistic effects of the catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and time, using base catalyzed transesterification process. The results indicated suitable vegetable oil properties for a single step transesterification reaction. In addition, the least square reduced cubic model used produced the optimal percentage yield for the optimization, yielding a predicted yield of 94.93±6.92% for catalyst concentration of 0.53% by weight of the oil, 60°C for 105 m. The fuel properties of the samples showed linear regression values of 0.980 and 0.933 for viscosity and specific gravity respectively. The model reliability tests conducted were found to be impressive and conclusively can be for the optimization of the oil under stated conditions.

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