Optimization of extraction process for extract yields, total flavonoid content, radical scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of Curcuma aeruginosa RoxB. rhizome

Abstract

The rhizome of Curcuma aeruginosa RoxB. (RCA) is used traditionally for several diseases. The flavonoid compounds contained in the RCA that responsible for biological activities. In this study, ethanol, water, and acetone had been used as solvent extraction of RCA and applied the simplex-centroid design to optimize the extraction process. The radical scavenging activity and total flavonoid content were investigated using in vitro assays, while cytotoxicity was evaluated by brine shrimp lethality test. ANOVA suggested a linear model for all responses. The ethanol: acetone extract had the highest extract yield with a value of 25.15%, and this result showed no significant with acetone extract at p < 0.05 (22.86%). The ethanol extracts confirmed the higher degree of total flavonoid content and cytotoxicity with a value of 17.97 mg QE/g and 140 μg/ml, respectively. The ethanol: water extract, ethanol extract, and water extract (IC50, 100-500 μg/ml) showed moderate radical scavenging activity compared with ascorbic acid (IC50, 7.19 μg/ml). Regarding the correlation analysis, the negative correlation was weakly observed between flavonoid content and IC50 of free radical scavenging activity, which indicates that the flavonoid in RCA contributes not significantly to the antioxidant activity. Introductory studies on the extraction process of the advanced flavonoid extracts exhibited a scavenging and cytotoxic effect of the ethanol extract on C. aeruginosa rhizome.

Effect of Time Extraction Cardamom Seeds in Aquos Solvent on Physical, Total Phenol, and Flavonoid Properties

“…These compounds can be isolated from cardamom seeds by extraction. Extraction is important in recovering phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which is influenced by several factors such as type of solvent (Qomaliyah et al, 2019) and extraction time (Soos et al, 2019;Juliana et al, 2022).…”

“…According to Juliana et al (2022), extraction is important in recovering phenolic and flavonoid compounds, which is influenced by several factors such as solvent ratio (Sajid et al, 2019), type of solvent (Qomaliyah et al, 2019), and extraction time (Soos et al, 2019). Extraction time is one of the most important parameters that influences the extraction of bioactive compounds in cardamom seeds.…”

Optimization of Solvent Sonication-Maceration for Enhancing Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Portulaca oleracea L. Extract Using the Simplex Centroid Design Method

“…In addition, this method enables the optimization of responses by varying the proportions of several variable components while maintaining a total constant (100%). 14 Several studies also successfully applied SCD to optimize the extraction process of various plant materials, including Curcuma aeruginosa RoxB., 15 cardamom fruit, 16 Justicia gendarussa Burm.f, 17 and purple leaves (Graptophyllum pictum). 18 Despite the significant pharmacological potential of purslane, there are limited reports on optimizing the extraction solvent for total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant capacity in the extract.…”

Optimization of Cardamom Fruit (Amomum compactum) Extraction Focused on Total Terpenoid Extraction and Cytotoxic Activity Using Response Surface Methodology

“…One way to obtain secondary metabolite compounds from medicinal plants with cytotoxic activity, such as terpenoids, is through the extraction process. Extraction, which is influenced by several factors such as solid-liquid ratio (Sajid et al, 2019), type of solvent (Qomaliyah et al, 2019), extraction time (Soós et al, 2019), is an independent variable that must be considered and differentiates it from conventional extraction, which does not focus on these independent variables. The disadvantages of this conventional extraction method are the use of too many solvents and long extraction times (Rasul, 2018).…”