Optimization of extraction of phenolics from Inga edulis leaves using response surface methodology

Influence of extraction conditions on antioxidant properties of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) peel

“…While 180 min and 240 min of extraction had the lowest percentages of scavenging activity, where no signifi cant difference was found for the percentages of scavenging activity between 180 min and 240 min of extraction. The decrease in the scavenging activity after 60 min extraction time could be explained by the Fick's second law of diffusion, where fi nal equilibrium among the solute concentrations in the solid matrix and in solvent was estimated to be achieved after 1-2 h of extraction duration [Silva et al 2007]. Longer extraction time might increase the oxidation of phenolic compounds, thus contributing to lower DPPH radical scavenging activity [Naczk and Shahidi 2006].…”

Optimization of extraction time and temperature on antioxidant activity of Schizophyllum commune aqueous extract using response surface methodology

“…Interestingly, a significant negative interaction between extraction time and temperature was obtained for the response of ABTS •+ inhibition, which may be attributed by decomposition of antioxidative compounds upon longer extraction time and higher temperature (Silva et al 2007). According to practical cost-saving considerations, Xu et al (2008) stated that the point representing possible combination of the lowest levels of factors within the optimum zone would be preferred over other combinations.…”

“…As reported by Cacace and Mazza (2003), higher solubility and diffusion coefficient of polyphenols were observed with increased temperature, allowing more extraction rate. Nevertheless, an upper limit of temperature must be respected in order to prevent decomposition of thermo-sensitive compounds in particular flavonoids (Silva et al 2007). The negative quadratic effect of temperature was observed for TPC, indicating that there is a maximum yield of TPC at a certain extraction temperature region, and the TPC starts to diminish above this region.…”

“…The efficacy of the extraction is influenced by factors such as storage time, solvent type, extraction method, the pH, extraction temperature, solvent-to-solid ratio, particle size and solvent concentration (Pinelo et al 2005, Silva et al 2007. Although solvent extraction is simple and easy, it is very time consuming, laborious and provide low extraction yields with large amount of organic solvents used (Herrero et al 2005).…”

“…Response surface methodology (RSM) is an effective statistical technique for optimizing the process variables and a powerful tool which can present the optimal conditions that improve a process if it is used adequately (Silva et al 2007, Fan et al 2008. RSM helps to define the effect of the independent variables, whether it is alone or in combination in the process (Bas and Boyaci 2007).…”