Optimization of EMS Mutagenesis on Petunia for TILLING

Y, Jiang P Chen; HD, Wilde

doi:10.4172/2329-8863.1000141

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Besides deciding which mutagen to use, choosing the optimal treatment conditions and organ (e.g., seed, vegetative meristems, pollen) is critical to success. The large variety of ornamental species and the many genotypes within these species could all respond differently to the same treatment conditions because of varying (radio)sensitivity to mutagens (Jiang et al, 2014). Therefore, data from previous studies can be helpful when choosing the optimal mutagen and treatment conditions for new species or cultivars.…”

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confidence: 99%

Mutation Breeding in Ornamentals

Melsen¹,

Wouw²,

Contreras³

2021

horts

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The promising possibilities of mutation breeding in ornamental plants have led to a great interest in effective mutagenic treatment protocols for various species. This review discusses mutagenic treatments of a large number of ornamental genera, the advantages and disadvantages of various techniques, and the possibilities of improving the associated protocols. A number of nontargeted mutagenesis methods are available, ranging from chemical treatment with alkylating agents to irradiation with X-rays, gamma rays, and neutron or heavy ion beams at various doses. These are all relatively inexpensive and have been proven to be effective mutagens in a large number of diverse species. Genetic engineering, however, remains mostly impractical for many ornamental breeding operations because of the high cost and lack of knowledge necessary to successfully transform and regenerate ornamental crops. Of the available nontargeted mutagens, irradiation with gamma rays is still the most popular. It provides high consistency compared with chemical mutagens, albeit at a seemingly lower mutagenic efficiency. Changes in the radiation dose rate may increase the efficiency, although chronic irradiation over a longer period causes fewer deleterious mutations than the commonly used acute irradiation protocols. Heavy ion beam irradiation may also provide highly consistent mutation induction at higher efficiencies because of the high particle energy associated with these treatments. There are also opportunities to improve chemical mutagenesis. Although the required knowledge of specific gene functions in many ornamentals is still lacking, combination mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfontate with genetic screening in a process known as TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) may lead to a powerful mutation breeding tool in the future. Mutation breeding is still very useful, and many opportunities are available to improve the existing methods.

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confidence: 99%

Mutation Breeding in Ornamentals

Melsen¹,

Wouw²,

Contreras³

2021

horts

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“…The LD 50 is commonly used to generate many mutated plants without significantly reducing the population from the toxic effects of the mutagen (Yadav et al 2016); however, prolonged exposure to EMS may have deleterious effects on phenotypic characteristics without reducing seed germination. For example, in research conducted by Jiang et al (2014), an increase in EMS concentration and exposure time was determined to reduce flower production in Petunia without reducing seed germination (Jiang et al 2014). Furthermore, Khalatkar (1976) studied the effect of EMS uptake in dry Hordeum vulgare seeds compared with seeds presoaked in water.…”

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Mutation Breeding of Salvia coccinea with Ethyl Methanesulfonate

Maynard

Ruter

2023

horts

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Salvia coccinea is a valuable flowering annual that attracts hummingbirds and bees to the garden, but few cultivars are commercially available. There is a limited range of petal colors and no leaf variegation. This research aimed to improve the ornamental value of S. coccinea by inducing mutations with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS). The standard, red-flowered species was selected for treatment by exposing seeds to 0%, 0.4%, 0.8%, or 1.2% EMS for 8, 12, or 24 hours. The optimal treatment rate was determined to be 1.2% EMS for 8 hours, which generated desirable mutations near the median lethal dose (LD50). The M1 population had a 53% germination rate and was completely morphologically uniform. By the M2, mutations included differences in leaf shape and flower size in addition to albina, chlorina, virescens, and chimeral chlorophyll changes. A 1% mutation rate was achieved in this breeding program with seven unstable mutations and six stable mutations. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values were measured to determine differences in chlorophyll content between lethal albina mutations, chartreuse chlorina and virescens mutations, and typical leaf color. Future work will investigate the stability and heritability of chlorophyll variegation by hybridizing these selections with coral-flowered accessions of S. coccinea.

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Cultural Methods for Greenhouse Pest and Disease Management

Kruidhof

Elmer

2020

Integrated Pest and Disease Management in Greenhouse Crops

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Optimization of EMS Mutagenesis on Petunia for TILLING

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Mutation Breeding in Ornamentals

Mutation Breeding in Ornamentals

Mutation Breeding of Salvia coccinea with Ethyl Methanesulfonate

Cultural Methods for Greenhouse Pest and Disease Management

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