Optimization of electrocoagulation process for efficient removal of ciprofloxacin antibiotic using iron electrode; kinetic and isotherm studies of adsorption
Abstract:Background:The goal of this research was to measure the age-sex standardized prevalence of pre-diabetes (pre-DM) and diabetes (DM), and the effectiveness of diabetes management (using HbA1C as the indicator) in an urban area in Iran. Methods: Using a randomized cluster household survey, we recruited 5900 individuals whose age ranged from 15 to 75 from Kerman for assessing coronary artery disease risk factors (KERCADRS) including diabetes. In 2010 and 2011, all of the participants were interviewed by trained st… Show more
“…Together, these results indicate that Cr 6+ adsorption onto the modified ACFF is a complex chemical adsorption process. As the second-order kinetic model covered all the adsorption processes, this model could more fully reflect the dynamic mechanism of ion adsorption onto the composite electrode [ 36 ]. Figure 8.…”
Electrosorption is a novel desalination technique that has many advantages in the treatment of sewage. However, commercially available activated carbon electrodes for electrosorption commonly have low microporosity, poor moulding performance, and low adsorption and regeneration efficiency. Here, we evaluated a novel adsorbent material, activated carbon fibre felt (ACFF), for electrosorption of chromium ions (Cr6+) in sewage treatment. The ACFF was modified with 20% nitric acid and its modified structure was characterized. The modified ACFF was used as an adsorbing electrode to investigate its desalination effect by electrosorption. Results showed that compared with those of unmodified ACFF, the modified ACFF had more carbonyl and carboxyl groups and the specific surface area, average pore size and micropore volume of the modified ACFF also improved by 32.2%, 2.5% and 23.1%, respectively. The kinetics of Cr6+ adsorption conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Langmuir model. In addition, the regeneration rate of the modified ACFF electrode was more than 94%. In conclusion, the modified ACFF exhibits excellent electrosorption and regeneration performance for Cr6+ removal from water and thus is of great value for promotion in sewage treatment.
“…Together, these results indicate that Cr 6+ adsorption onto the modified ACFF is a complex chemical adsorption process. As the second-order kinetic model covered all the adsorption processes, this model could more fully reflect the dynamic mechanism of ion adsorption onto the composite electrode [ 36 ]. Figure 8.…”
Electrosorption is a novel desalination technique that has many advantages in the treatment of sewage. However, commercially available activated carbon electrodes for electrosorption commonly have low microporosity, poor moulding performance, and low adsorption and regeneration efficiency. Here, we evaluated a novel adsorbent material, activated carbon fibre felt (ACFF), for electrosorption of chromium ions (Cr6+) in sewage treatment. The ACFF was modified with 20% nitric acid and its modified structure was characterized. The modified ACFF was used as an adsorbing electrode to investigate its desalination effect by electrosorption. Results showed that compared with those of unmodified ACFF, the modified ACFF had more carbonyl and carboxyl groups and the specific surface area, average pore size and micropore volume of the modified ACFF also improved by 32.2%, 2.5% and 23.1%, respectively. The kinetics of Cr6+ adsorption conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Langmuir model. In addition, the regeneration rate of the modified ACFF electrode was more than 94%. In conclusion, the modified ACFF exhibits excellent electrosorption and regeneration performance for Cr6+ removal from water and thus is of great value for promotion in sewage treatment.
“…The central composite design (CCD) based on response surface method (RSM) was used to design the experiments for RB19 decolorization. It is an important branch of empirical design and basic tool in developing new processes, optimizing their performance and improving the design and formulation of new products [30,31]. RSM was also applied to investigate the individual effects of the process variables and their relationship or interactions to maximize the efficiency of RB19 decolorization as well as determine the optimal conditions.…”
The release of dye containing effluent is a great threat to the world today. The purpose of this study is to optimize the removal of Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) dye from aqueous solutions using advanced oxidation process (AOP). Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) were used as the catalyst and oxidizer, respectively. Central composite design (CCD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) was applied for optimization of the AOP process. The effects of pH (3-7), molar H 2 O 2 /MgO NPs ratio (1-3), initial concentration of RB19 (20-80 mg/L), and contact time (30-90 min) were investigated on the oxidation process. The CCD was applied to determine the interactive effects of the process parameters and their optimum conditions. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied for statistical data analysis. A quadratic model was generated by the CCD to represent the AOP on RB19 degradation. The experimental values obtained for percentage RB19 decolorization were found to be very close to the predicted response values. Based on the design, optimum conditions of pH 3, contact time of 60 min, RB19 concentration of 80 mg/L and H 2 O 2 /MgO NPs molar ratio of 3 were obtained which resulted in 93.77% RB19 removal. High value for the coefficient of determination, R 2 (0.912) and adjusted R 2 (0.805) showed that the removal of RB19 dye using AOP can be described by the RSM. The ANOVA results showed that the quadratic model developed from the RSM was statistically significant for RB19 decolorization. From the study, it could be concluded that the RSM can be a useful tool for optimization and moderation of the process parameters to maximize RB19 dye removal from aqueous solutions and the advanced H 2 O 2 /MgO NPs oxidation process.
“…3). [61] These results can be corroborated with the quantification method by MS. The initial and final concentrations were calculated, and were 4.58 ppm (y = 0.0758x + 0.3487; r 2 > 0.93) and 0.98 ppm (y = 0.064x + 0.0063; r 2 > 0.97), respectively.…”
Section: Physicochemical Data and Removal Efficiencymentioning
Contaminants removal from industrial effluent is a major environmental concern. In this context, Algestone Acetophenide and Estradiol Enanthate are synthetic sex hormones widely used in the manufacture of contraceptives, whose presence in waterbodies may lead to environmental hazard. Given that so far, the methods employed in the removal of these drugs have presented limited efficiency or high implementation costs, the present work presented an electrochemical reactor composed by 32 carbon steel electrodes (1728 cm 2), which was employed in a real scale model to remove these synthetic hormones in an industrial pharmaceutical effluent. After 60 minutes the removal efficiency of the hormones Algestone Acetophenide and Estradiol Enanthate was of 88.9% and of 91.8% respectively, with low energy consumption (< 0.742 kWh.m-3). Physicochemical parameters such as color, turbidity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) also showed good removal efficiency too (> 50%), which implicates that the method herein depicted may be a valuable alternative to promote the removal of these contaminants in industrial wastewater.
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