Optimization of Biodiesel Production from African Crude Palm Oil (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Elaeis guineensis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Jacq) with High Concentration of Free Fatty Acids by a Two-Step Transesterification Process

Anguebes-Franseschi, F.; Córdova‐Quiroz, Atl Victor; Cerón-Bretón, Julia; Aguilar, Claudia A.; Castillo-Martínez, Gloria; Cerón-Bretón, Rosa; Ruiz-Marín, Alejandro; Montalvo-Romero, Carlos

doi:10.4236/oje.2016.61002

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Generally, the content of FFAs in tobacco seeds is approximately 6% ( Stanisavljević et al, 2007a ). This high level would result in saponification and then the difficulty in transesterification because the FFA level exceeds 2% ( Anguebes-Franseschi et al, 2016 ). To decrease acid levels, pre-esterification with homogeneous acid could be performed.…”

Section: Transesterification Of Biodiesel In Tobacco Seed Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Seed Oils for Biodiesel Production

Wu¹,

Chuanchuan

Pan

et al. 2022

Front. Chem.

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With the increasing demand for fossil fuels, decreasing fossil fuel reserves and deteriorating global environment, humanity urgently need to explore new clean and renewable energy to replace fossil fuel resources. Biodiesel, as an environmentally friendly fuel that has attracted considerable attention because of its renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic superiority, seems to be a solution for future fuel production. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), an industrial crop, is traditionally used for manufacturing cigarettes. More importantly, tobacco seed is also widely being deemed as a typical inedible oilseed crop for the production of second-generation biodiesel. Advancements in raw material and enhanced production methods are currently needed for the large-scale and sustainable production of biodiesel. To this end, this study reviews various aspects of extraction and transesterification methods, genetic and agricultural modification, and properties and application of tobacco biodiesel, while discussing the key problems in tobacco biodiesel production and application. Besides, the proposals of new ways or methods for producing biodiesel from tobacco crops are presented. Based on this review, we anticipate that this can further promote the development and application of biodiesel from tobacco seed oil by increasing the availability and reducing the costs of extraction, transesterification, and purification methods, cultivating new varieties or transgenic lines with high oilseed contents, formulating scientific agricultural norms and policies, and improving the environmental properties of biodiesel.

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Section: Transesterification Of Biodiesel In Tobacco Seed Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancements in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Seed Oils for Biodiesel Production

Wu¹,

Chuanchuan

Pan

et al. 2022

Front. Chem.

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“…Some authors, such as Ali and Tay (2013) and Feroldi et al (2014), found the optimal conditions for palm oil biodiesel production using methanol in the transesterification process: the methanol:oil molar ratio of 6:1, reaction time of 60 minutes and temperature of 60°C with 1% of KOH as a catalyst, resulting in 88% yield. Likewise, Anguebes-Franseschi et al (2016) obtained a yield of 90% in palm oil biodiesel production with a reaction temperature of 56°C, 135 minutes, and a NaOH catalyst proportion of 0.65%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Different studies carried out by Ali and Tay (2013), Sukjit andPunsuvon (2013), Feroldi et al (2014), Wong et al (2015), Anguebes-Franseschi et al (2016), among others, analysed the variables associated with the biodiesel production from palm oil, and found that the molar ratio ethanol:oil, temperature and stirring time are the most important factors involved in the reaction. Some authors, such as Ali and Tay (2013) and Feroldi et al (2014), found the optimal conditions for palm oil biodiesel production using methanol in the transesterification process: the methanol:oil molar ratio of 6:1, reaction time of 60 minutes and temperature of 60°C with 1% of KOH as a catalyst, resulting in 88% yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of palm oil biodiesel production using response surface methodology

Silva

Guardiola

Teixeira

et al. 2021

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Ambient. (Online)

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The purpose of this paper was to analyze palm oil biodiesel production under different conditions and to verify the relationships between production variables in order to optimize biofuel production using response surface methodology (RSM). Biodiesel was produced through transesterification process by methyl route and alkali catalyst (NaOH) 1% (m/m). The analyzed variables were: four molar ratios (3:1, 4:1, 6:1 and 8:1); three temperature reactions (45°, 52° and 60°C); and three time reactions (40, 60 and 80 minutes). For the palm oil biodiesel production, the highest yield was 93%, obtained via a molar rate of 3:1, 52°C and 60 minutes. This result differs from previous studies that found a higher yield with molar ratio increases, implying greater expenses of methanol. Kinetic viscosity and specific mass were also analyzed, and the values are within the Brazilian, American, and European standards. The results showed that the most influent factor in biodiesel production was the molar rate. In relation to the biodiesel characterization, using the RMN H1 technique, it was possible to obtain the transesterification reaction yield of 79.50% for the 3:1 palm oil biodiesel. Through gas chromatography, it can be verified that the predominant fatty acids in the samples were palmitic and oleic acids.

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“…To increase the economical value of biodiesel production, raw materials at low prices such crude palm oil (CPO) is promising to replace the usage of refined vegetable oil [2]. The vitamin E content in palm oil is composed of tocotrienols rather than tocopherols which 43% is -tocotrienol, 24% is -tocotrienol, 11% is -tocotrienol, and 21% is -tocopherol [3] and vitamin E content in the CPO is approximately (600-1000 μg / ml) [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin E extraction from red palm biodiesel by using K2CO3 based deep eutectic solvent with glycerol as hydrogen bond donor

Manurung

Hutauruk

Arief

2018

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Vitamin E has essential role in human body and it has high avalability in red palm biodiesel which encourages the development of separation technology to obtain this material. Deep Eutectic Solvent (DES) is the latest advancement in separation technology to extract vitamin E from it's source. in this research, Potassium carbonate (K2CO3) based DES with hydrogen bond donor (HBD) of glycerol was used to extract vitamin E from red palm biodiesel. The DES was synthesized at 80 o C for 1 hour at 300 rpm and K2CO3 to glycerol molar ratio was varied at 1:5, 1:6 and 1:7. Red palm biodiesel was synthesized by degumming CPO with 85% Posfat Acid followed by transesterification with etanol at 70 o C for 1.5 hours. Etanol to DPO molar ratio was fixed at 9:1 and catalyst concentration was 1.2%. The produced biodiesel was washed with aqudest. The liquid-liquid extraction was performed to extract vitamin E by mixing biphasic system between DES and CPO at stirring rate of 400 rpm for 3. Biodiesell : DES mass ratio was viaried at 1:2; 1:2.5, 1:3, 1:3.5, and 1:4. Recovery of vitamin E was performed by using water-hexan in ratio of 4:1 (v/v). The characterization of DES was performed by analyzing the form and measuring the freezing point, density and viscisity of DES. Vitamin E concentration was analyzed by using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Extraction using DES K2CO3 to glycerol molar ratio of 1:6 and biodiesel to DES mass ratio of 1:3 gave the highest vitamin E concentration at 801.23 ppm. The higher fraction in extracted vitamin E from red palm biodiesel is tocotrienol and especialy γ-Tocotrienol by using DES6 at biodiesel to DES ratio of 1:3. Tocotrienol is the vitamin E fraction which has highest anticancer activity.

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Optimization of Biodiesel Production from African Crude Palm Oil (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i> Jacq) with High Concentration of Free Fatty Acids by a Two-Step Transesterification Process

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Advancements in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Seed Oils for Biodiesel Production

Advancements in Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Seed Oils for Biodiesel Production

Optimization of palm oil biodiesel production using response surface methodology

Vitamin E extraction from red palm biodiesel by using K2CO3 based deep eutectic solvent with glycerol as hydrogen bond donor

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