Optimization of Aqueous Extraction and Biological Activity of Harpagophytum procumbens Root on Ex Vivo Rat Colon Inflammatory Model

Abstract

Harpagophytum procumbens has a long story of use for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Considering both the antiinflammatory effects of H. procumbens in multiple tissues and the stability of harpagoside in artificial intestinal fluid, the aim of the present study was to explore the possible protective role of a microwave-assisted aqueous Harpagophytum extract (1-1000 μg/mL) on mouse myoblast C2C12 and human colorectal adenocarcinoma HCT116 cell lines, and isolated rat colon specimens challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a validated ex vivo model of acute ulcerative colitis. In this context, we evaluated the effects on C2C12 and HCT116 viability, and on LPS-induced production of serotonin (5-HT), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, prostaglandin (PG)E and 8-iso-prostaglandin (8-iso-PG)F . Harpagophytum extract was well tolerated by C2C12 cells, while reduced HCT116 colon cancer cell viability. On the other hand, Harpagophytum extract reduced H O -induced (1 mM) reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, in both cell lines, and inhibited LPS-induced colon production of PGE , 8-iso-PGF , 5-HT and TNFα. Concluding, we demonstrated the efficacy of a microwave-assisted Harpagophytum aqueous extract in modulating the inflammatory, oxidative stress and immune response in an experimental model of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), thus suggesting a rational use of Harpagophytum in the management and prevention of ulcerative colitis in humans. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Chemical profiling and pharmaco‐toxicological activity ofOriganum sipyleumextracts: Exploring for novel sources for potential therapeutic agents

“…In particular, we assayed O. sipyleum extract activity on isolated rat colon stimulated with LPS, which revealed a useful ex vivo pharmacological model to study the activity of herbal extracts on colon biomarkers playing a key role in oxidative and pro‐inflammatory pathways (Locatelli et al, ; Menghini et al, , ).…”

“…Previously, 5‐HT pro‐inflammatory effect in IBD has been described (Regmi, Park, Ku, & Kim, ) possibly involving 5‐HT3 receptor activation (Mousavizadeh, Rahimian, Fakhfouri, Aslani, & Ghafourifar, ). In this context, we observed that LPS was able to stimulate steady‐state 5‐HT level, in the gut, whereas antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory agents were able to blunt LPS‐induced 5‐HT (Locatelli et al, ; Menghini et al, ). Multiple studies have long confirmed that steady‐state tissue level could be considered as a reliable assessment of neurotransmitter synthesis and release (Bungo, Shiraishi, Yanagita, Ohta, & Fujita, ; Clark, MohanKumar, Kasturi, & MohanKumar, ).…”

“…Finally, we performed a pilot pharmacological study with the aim to investigate the role of Origanum extracts on pro‐oxidant and pro‐inflammatory mediators in rat colon specimens treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an experimental model of ulcerative colitis ex vivo (Locatelli et al, ; Menghini et al, ). These biological markers included nitrites, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prostaglandin (PG)E 2 , and serotonin (5‐hydroxytriptamine, 5‐HT).…”

Protective effects induced by alcoholic Phlomis fruticosa and Phlomis herba‐venti extracts in isolated rat colon: Focus on antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities in vitro

“…In particular, we performed a subsequent panel of experiments on isolated rat colon specimens challenged with LPS, a validated ex vivo experimental paradigm to evaluate the efficacy of drugs and extracts on oxidative and inflammatory pathways involved in ulcerative colitis (Locatelli et al, ; Menghini et al, ; Menghini et al, ).…”

Devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) and chronic inflammatory diseases: A concise overview on preclinical and clinical data

“…In this context, a preliminary preclinical study was performed in order to evaluate protective effects of devil's claw in IBDs. Particularly, Locatelli et al () showed that an aqueous devil's claw extract was protective in isolated rat colon challenged with lipopolysaccharide, an ex vivo IBD experimental paradigm (Menghini et al, ; Menghini et al, ). In this study, devil's claw extract was effective in blunting multiple inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, including prostanoid, cytokine, and serotonin colon levels, thus supporting potential applications of the extract in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.…”