Abstract:The aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) of oil from shrimp processing by-products was investigated. Four kinds of proteases, including alkaline protease, neutral protease, flavor protease and compound protease, were applied to hydrolysis shrimp processing by-products. The results showed that flavor protease was the best hydrolysis enzyme for shrimp processing by-products to obtain high oil recovery. The influences of four factors, including enzyme amount, liquid/solid ratio, hydrolysis time and hydrolysis tempe… Show more
“…Plant cell walls are made up of lignocellulosic, and other polymers intertwined with each other, which provide a barrier to extraction of its components [35]. Enzymes are used for the digestion of these cellular materials and disruption of pores as a pre-extraction step which eases the diffusion of the oil into the extraction medium [36,37]. Some of the most effective enzymes used are from the fungus Trichoderma [38].…”
“…The use of response surface methodology in food science has increased in recent years [36,42,62]. During optimization a second order polynomial is developed to model the responses and data obtained from optimization is sometimes subjected to simple ANOVA, t-test [36], and/or to some free or commercial statistical packages ( Table 2).…”
Section: Types Of Software Usedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The use of response surface methodology in food science has increased in recent years [36,42,62]. During optimization a second order polynomial is developed to model the responses and data obtained from optimization is sometimes subjected to simple ANOVA, t-test [36], and/or to some free or commercial statistical packages ( Table 2). Design Experts (Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) was used to optimize the microwave extraction of pomegranate seed oil, mechanical extraction of gourd seed oil [58,108], Sigma plot version 12.5for CSE of oil from neem seed [66].…”
Most seed oils are edible while some are used generally as raw material for soap production, chocolate, margarine, and recently in biodiesel formulations as potential candidates capable of replacing fossil fuels which are costly and destructive to the environment. Oilseeds are a green and major reservoir which when properly exploited can be used sustainably for the production of chemicals at both the laboratory and industrial scales. Oil extraction is one of the most critical steps in seed oil processing because it determines the quality and quantity of oil extracted. Optimization of the extraction conditions for each extraction method enhances yield and quality meanwhile a carefully chosen optimization process equally has the potential of saving time and heat requirements with an associated consequence on cost reduction of the entire process. In this review, the techniques used to optimize oil extraction from plant materials which can be consulted by stakeholders in the field are brought to focus and the merits and demerits of these methods highlighted. Additionally, different types of optimization techniques used for various processes including modeling and the software employed in the optimization processes are discussed. Finally, the quality of the oil as affected by the methods of extraction and the optimization process used are also presented.
“…Plant cell walls are made up of lignocellulosic, and other polymers intertwined with each other, which provide a barrier to extraction of its components [35]. Enzymes are used for the digestion of these cellular materials and disruption of pores as a pre-extraction step which eases the diffusion of the oil into the extraction medium [36,37]. Some of the most effective enzymes used are from the fungus Trichoderma [38].…”
“…The use of response surface methodology in food science has increased in recent years [36,42,62]. During optimization a second order polynomial is developed to model the responses and data obtained from optimization is sometimes subjected to simple ANOVA, t-test [36], and/or to some free or commercial statistical packages ( Table 2).…”
Section: Types Of Software Usedmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The use of response surface methodology in food science has increased in recent years [36,42,62]. During optimization a second order polynomial is developed to model the responses and data obtained from optimization is sometimes subjected to simple ANOVA, t-test [36], and/or to some free or commercial statistical packages ( Table 2). Design Experts (Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA) was used to optimize the microwave extraction of pomegranate seed oil, mechanical extraction of gourd seed oil [58,108], Sigma plot version 12.5for CSE of oil from neem seed [66].…”
Most seed oils are edible while some are used generally as raw material for soap production, chocolate, margarine, and recently in biodiesel formulations as potential candidates capable of replacing fossil fuels which are costly and destructive to the environment. Oilseeds are a green and major reservoir which when properly exploited can be used sustainably for the production of chemicals at both the laboratory and industrial scales. Oil extraction is one of the most critical steps in seed oil processing because it determines the quality and quantity of oil extracted. Optimization of the extraction conditions for each extraction method enhances yield and quality meanwhile a carefully chosen optimization process equally has the potential of saving time and heat requirements with an associated consequence on cost reduction of the entire process. In this review, the techniques used to optimize oil extraction from plant materials which can be consulted by stakeholders in the field are brought to focus and the merits and demerits of these methods highlighted. Additionally, different types of optimization techniques used for various processes including modeling and the software employed in the optimization processes are discussed. Finally, the quality of the oil as affected by the methods of extraction and the optimization process used are also presented.
“…The extraction efficiency of AEE on some oilseeds materials such as soybean, peanut, sesame, and Moringa oleifera, as well as shrimp by-product has been reported as higher (Liu et al 2020;Wenwei et al 2019;Mat Yusoff et al 2016;Mat Yusoff et al 2015;Latif and Anwar 2011). Enzymes could hydrolize the cell wall of oil bearing materials releasing oil to the system (Liu et al 2020;Mat Yusoff et al 2016;Mat Yusoff et al 2015;Li et al 2011;Latif and Anwar 2011).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The use of enzyme in an AEE process has some advantages including being environmentally friendly, inexpensive because of the use of water as solvent, easy to separate, and finally, having better appearance and taste of the oil product (Mat Yusoff et al 2015). Moreover, valuable materials contained in the residue such as protein and carbohydrate could be used for other food purposes (Wenwei et al 2019). Latif and Anwar concluded that the protein which is also extracted in the AEE process has better quality and could be used for human consumption (Latif and Anwar 2011).…”
Inexpensive enzyme with high hydrolitic activity is required to bring the aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) of seed / biomass oil into commercialization. In this study a commercial digestive drug which is mainly composed of amylase and protease enzymes has been applied to extract the palm kernel oil. A single factor experiment evaluated the effect of the ratio palm kernel to water, concentration of digestive drug used, pH, incubation time and temperature on extraction efficiency, free fatty acid (FFA) content and lipid profile in form of monoglyceride, diglyceride and triglyceride. A significant effect was observed for all the parameters and the highest extraction efficiency of 96% with FFA content less than 0.68% was observed in the incubation condition of 1:5 ratio palm kernel to water, 9% w/w of digestive drug, pH of 9, 90 min of incubation time at 45°C. Green metrics assesment confirmed that the AEE process is more green process than the soxhlet method. In comparison with other existing extraction methods, the AEE showed better extraction efficiency against the screw press and supercritical carbon dioxide methods.
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