Optimization of a Novel Method Based on Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for the Quantification of Anthocyanins and Total Phenolic Compounds in Blueberry Samples (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)

Abstract

In recent years, consumers’ preference for fruits such as blueberry has increased noticeably. This fact is probably related to their bioactive components such as anthocyanins, phenolic compounds, vitamins, minerals, and tannins that have been found in blueberries by the latest research studies. Both total anthocyanins (TA) and total phenolic compounds (TPC) are known for their multiple beneficial effects on our health, due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer properties. This is the reason why the development of new methodologies for the quality control analysis of raw materials or derived products from blueberry has a great relevance. Two ultrasound-assisted extraction methods (UAE) have been optimized for the quantification of TA and TPC in blueberry samples. The six variables to be optimized were: solvent composition, temperature, amplitude, cycle, extraction solvent pH, and sample/solvent ratio using response surface methodology. The optimized methods have proven to be suitable for the extraction of the TPC and TA with good precision (repeatability and intermediate precision) (coefficient of variation (CV) < 5%) and potentially for application in commercial samples. This fact, together with the multiple advantages of UAE, makes these methods a good alternative to be used in quality control analysis by both industries and laboratories.

Screening of Marine Bioactive Antimicrobial Compounds for Plant Pathogens

“…Ultrasound can effectively destroy the microbial cell wall, increase the penetration of the solvent, and achieve effective extraction of the compound. Compared with traditional organic solvent extraction methods, the UAE technique has no obvious heating process, so it does not change the molecular structure of the compound [ 48 ]. Quiroz et al used the UAE technique to obtain antibacterial and antioxidant extracts from annatto seeds and determined the most suitable extraction conditions including an ultrasonic treatment for 20 min [ 49 ].…”

The Limonene Biorefinery: From Extractive Technologies to Its Catalytic Upgrading into p-Cymene

“…time, temperature, pressure, speed and power) makes this method useful not only for the limonene extraction but also for the selective extraction of different compounds from citrus and plants [64]. According to Aliaño-González et al the technique exploits the energy of ultrasounds for the extraction of different raw materials deriving organic [65]. US was successfully used to intensify the extraction of d-limonene from the Citrus limetta (Sweet lime) peel by Khandare et al As evidenced in Fig.…”

Anthocyanin Structure and pH Dependent Extraction Characteristics from Blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum) and Chokeberries (Aronia melanocarpa) in Subcritical Water State

“…Chokeberries ( Aronia melanocarpa ) contain the highest amount of anthocyanins, overwhelmingly dominated by cyanidin glycoside (98.4%), then 0.08% petunidin glycoside, 0.3% malvidin glycoside, 0.3% pelargonidin glycoside, and 0.2% delphinidin glycoside [ 6 ]. Anthocyanin is sensitive to temperature, light, pH, oxygen, metal ions, and enzymes [ 7 ]. Occurring at high temperatures, the C-ring structure is destroyed after removing sugar from anthocyanin [ 8 ].…”