Optimization and modeling of zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O) production with the reaction of boric acid and zinc oxide

Ata, Osman Nuri; Şayan, Enes; Engin, Bengül

doi:10.1016/j.jiec.2010.09.018

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…An increase in the H 3 BO 3 /ZnO ratio led to an increase in yield. This result can be explained that the amount of borate ions per unit amount of the solid and the driving force required for the mass transfer of borate ions in solution to zinc oxide increased with increase in H 3 BO 3 /ZnO [16]. A ratio of 5 : 1 was considered as optimal, similar to the previous study [17].…”

Section: The Effect Of H 3 Bo 3 /Zno Ratio On Yieldsupporting

confidence: 71%

Production of Zinc Borate for Pilot-Scale Equipment and Effects of Reaction Conditions on Yield

Bardakci

Acaralı

Tuğrul

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this study, zinc borate (ZB) was synthesized by reacting zinc oxide and boric acid in the presence of standard ZB (w/w, in terms of boric acid) in order to promote crystallization. The effects of seed, H₃BO₃/ZnO (boric acid/zinc oxide) ratio, reaction time, water volume, reaction temperature and cooling temperature on yield were investigated for pilot-scale equipment. The results indicated that the addition of seed (w/w) to a saturated solution of reactants increased the yield of the reaction. The results of reaction yields obtained from either magnetically or mechanically stirred systems were compared. At various reaction times, the optimal yield was 86.78 % in a saturated aqueous solution. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric/Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA). The results displayed that ZB was successfully produced under the optimized reaction conditions and the product synthesized had high thermal stability.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.19.2.4432

show abstract

Section: The Effect Of H 3 Bo 3 /Zno Ratio On Yieldsupporting

confidence: 71%

Production of Zinc Borate for Pilot-Scale Equipment and Effects of Reaction Conditions on Yield

Bardakci

Acaralı

Tuğrul

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.19.2.4432

show abstract

“…Gillani et al found that zinc borate could increase char residual mass by 7.4% and significantly decrease the gas emissions. Several types of zinc borate are known, for example, 2ZnO·2B 2 O 3 ·3H 2 O, 2ZnO·3B 2 O 3 , Zn 2 B 6 O 11 ·3H 2 O, and Zn 2 B 6 O 11 ·7H 2 O; the most important commercially is 2ZnO·3B 2 O 3 ·3.5H 2 O …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18][19][20][21][22] Additionally, microencapsulation technology as a surface modification methods could effectively improve the chemical stability, flame-retardant efficiency, and environmental performance of flame retardants. 23 [40][41][42] Herein, microencapsulated AHP (MAHP) was fabricated by emulsification; then, its thermal decomposition behavior and microstructure were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). Furthermore, the mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and smoke suppression of SiFs with MAHP and zinc borate (2ZnO·3B 2 O 3 ·3.5H 2 O) were also investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame retardancy and smoke suppression of silicone foams with microcapsulated aluminum hypophosphite and zinc borate

Kang

Wang

Deng

et al. 2020

Polymers for Advanced Techs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The flame‐retardant microcapsules were successfully fabricated with an aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) core. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to verify that AHP was encapsulated in the microcapsules, and thermogravimetry analysis showed that microencapsulated AHP (MAHP) possessed higher thermal stability than that of AHP. Then, a flame‐retardant and smoke suppression system for silicone foams (SiFs) was obtained through a synergistic effect of MAHP and zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O). The mechanical properties, flame retardance, and smoke suppression of SiFs with MAHP and zinc borate were tested using the tensile test, limiting oxygen index (LOI) test, UL‐94 test, and cone calorimeter test. The mechanical properties indicated that the tensile strength and elongation at break of SiFs could evidently improve with the incorporation of MAHP. Compared with pure SiF, SiF8 with 4.5‐wt% MAHP and 1.5‐wt% zinc borate could achieve an LOI value of 30.7 vol% and an UL‐94 V‐0 rating, the time to ignition amplified almost six times, the peak heat release rate and total heat release were 51.10% and 46.00% less than that of pure SiF, respectively, the fire performance index increased nearly 13 times, and the fire growth index value was only 13.18% of pure SiF. Moreover, the partial substitution of zinc borate imparted a substantial improvement in both flame retardancy and smoke suppression. Especially, the peak smoke production rate and total smoke production of SiF8 were merely 38.46% and 38.84% of pure SiF.

show abstract

“…Zinc borate (ZB) compounds are used in a wide range of applications in plastics, ceramics, electrical insulation, wood, wire, cement, pharmaceuticals, paint, and rubber (Ata et al, 2011;Chen et al, 2009;Gao and Liu., 2009;Gönen et al, 2009;Gürhan et al, 2009;Igarashi et al, 2004;Nies and Campbell, 1980;Schubert et al, 2002;Yumei et al, 2006). Zinc borates can be used as non-flammable and fire retardant additives in PVC, halogenated polyester and nylon, as combustion retardants and corrosive inhibitors, in the manufacture of refractory plastic materials, in electric/electronic materials, in the textile and paper industries and as a fungicide/insecticide in wood accessories (Gürhan et al, 2009;Schubert et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reaction was realized at 70°C for 6.5 h. Igarashi et al (2004) have synthesized zinc borate using a two-step reaction. This involved heating boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) and zinc oxide (ZnO) at 60°C for 1.5 h. to form the initial crystals of zinc borate, which were then further heated at 90°C for 4 h. Gao and Liu (2009) studied the synthesis of zinc borate hydrated minerals under reflux conditions with 11 h. Ata et al (2011) have studied the synthesis of zinc borates using zinc oxide (ZnO) and boric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) at 68-120°C, a rotating speed of 333-767 rpm over 60-200 min. At the end of their study, the optimum yield was obtained at 85°C, 766 rpm and 183 min with the conversion of zinc oxide found to be 99%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An accelerated and effective synthesis of zinc borate from zinc sulfate using sonochemistry

Ersan

Kıpçak

Özen

et al. 2020

Main Group Metal Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, sonochemistry has been used for the synthesis of inorganic compounds, such as zinc borates. In this study using zinc sulphate heptahydrate (ZnSO4·7H2O) and boric acid (H3BO3) as starting materials, a zinc borate compound in the form of Zn3B6O12·3.5H2O was synthesized using an ultrasonic probe. Product’s characterization was carried out with using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Zinc borate compound’s chemical bond structure was observed with Raman and FTIR. From the XRD results it was seen that Zn3B6O12·3.5H2O can be quickly synthesized upon heating at 80°C and 85°C (55 min) or 90°C (45 min) in very high yield (>90%). The minimum particle size obtained was ~143 μm from the SEM results. Zinc borate compound was synthesized at a lower temperature in less time than other synthesized zinc metal compound in literature.

show abstract

Optimization and modeling of zinc borate (2ZnO·3B2O3·3.5H2O) production with the reaction of boric acid and zinc oxide

Cited by 13 publications

References 14 publications

Production of Zinc Borate for Pilot-Scale Equipment and Effects of Reaction Conditions on Yield

Production of Zinc Borate for Pilot-Scale Equipment and Effects of Reaction Conditions on Yield

Flame retardancy and smoke suppression of silicone foams with microcapsulated aluminum hypophosphite and zinc borate

An accelerated and effective synthesis of zinc borate from zinc sulfate using sonochemistry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About