Production of Zinc Borate for Pilot-Scale Equipment and Effects of Reaction Conditions on Yield

Abstract

In this study, zinc borate (ZB) was synthesized by reacting zinc oxide and boric acid in the presence of standard ZB (w/w, in terms of boric acid) in order to promote crystallization. The effects of seed, H₃BO₃/ZnO (boric acid/zinc oxide) ratio, reaction time, water volume, reaction temperature and cooling temperature on yield were investigated for pilot-scale equipment. The results indicated that the addition of seed (w/w) to a saturated solution of reactants increased the yield of the reaction. The results of reaction yields obtained from either magnetically or mechanically stirred systems were compared. At various reaction times, the optimal yield was 86.78 % in a saturated aqueous solution. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Thermogravimetric/Differential Thermal Analysis (TG/DTA). The results displayed that ZB was successfully produced under the optimized reaction conditions and the product synthesized had high thermal stability.<p>DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.19.2.4432">http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.19.2.4432</a></p

An accelerated and effective synthesis of zinc borate from zinc sulfate using sonochemistry

“…According to the XRD results, the as-synthesized compound was defined as "zinc oxide borate hydrate (Zn 3 B 6 O 12 •3.5H 2 O)" with the pdf No. "00-035-0433" and was identical to that previously reported in the literature (Bardakci et al, 2013;Ersan et al, 2016;Kipcak et al, 2014Kipcak et al, , 2015Kipcak et al, , 2016Vardar et al, 2017). The as-synthesized zinc borate compound's XRD results are given in Figure 1.…”

Synthesis of hydrophobic nanostructured zinc borate from zinc carbonate, and characterization of the product

“…The peak between 650 and 750 cm -1 is ascribed to in-plane bending vibrations of trihedral (BO 3 ) groups. Therefore, use of different modifying agents, solvents, and the stirred system did not affect the structure, which was similar to that of zinc borate reference material, as in previous studies [1,2,9]. The FTIR spectra of the products are indicative of formation of zinc borate (Fig.…”

“…Previous work on the synthesis of zinc borate has included reaction of zinc salts and borate salts in hot water (C60°C), use of the ethanol supercritical fluid drying technique, and reaction of zinc oxide and boric acid [2,[7][8][9]. In this study, in contrast with previous studies, zinc borate was synthesized from zinc carbonate, as novel zinc source, with boric acid reference material, and with zinc borate reference material as seed.…”

“…Gürhan et al [5] produced small zinc borate particles by optimizing the experimental conditions. Tian et al [8] [2] prepared zinc borate by reaction of zinc oxide and boric acid in the absence or presence of the surfactant cumene-terminated poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride), PSMA, added to the reaction medium at different concentrations (0.1-1 wt% of water) to investigate its effect on the growth and agglomeration of the particles during the reaction. Acarali et al [1] synthesized zinc borate from zinc oxide and boric acid reference material, with zinc borate reference material as seed, and investigated the effects of modifying agents and reaction conditions on hydrophobicity and yield.…”

A Novel Synthesis of Zinc Borates from a Zinc Oxide Precursor via Ultrasonic Irradiation

“…3 Tugrul and Acarali studied the effects of different modification agents on obtaining hydrophobic zinc borate hydrate minerals at 50-120 °C and in 1-5 h. 12 Bardakci et al synthesized zinc borate by the reaction of zinc oxide and boric acid in the absence and presence of the surfactant cumene-terminated poly styrene-co-maleic anhydride (PSMA). 13 Acarali et al produced zinc borate from zinc oxide and boric acid reference materials at 95 °C in 1-5 h using a zinc borate reference material as seed and researched the effects of modifying agents and reaction conditions on hydrophobicity and yield. 14 Sonochemistry is a green synthesis method for inorganic materials.…”