Optimization and kinetics of the cementation of lead with aluminum powder

Copper-promoted cementation of antimony in hydrochloric acid system: A green protocol

“…4b). This is because the total surface area of copper is enhanced with the increase of the dosage, which will increase the contact opportunities between copper powder and antimony ions increase, therefore improve the cementation efficiency [40]. This result is in agreement with studies on cementation of copper by zinc [41], silver by copper [42,43], rhodium by zinc [21] and copper [20].…”

“…To describe more specifically, a cementation efficiency of 77.5% is observed after reaction for 65 min at 30 • C (curve 1). When the temperature increases to 60 • C, an efficiency of 98% is achieved and maintained, which proves that the process is under chemical control [40]. On the other hand, however, the concentration of copper in the solution continuously increases with the increment of temperature, and no platform is found (curve 2).…”

Copper Deposition and Formation of Nano-Particles

“…Two types of shrinking core models shown in Table 1 have been tried and it has been found that ash diffusion control mechanism was observed with iron powder-copper cementation reaction (13) whereas, iron wire-copper cementation reaction obeyed reaction control mechanism. The reason for this fitting is that the copper surface deposition over the iron wire has been removed repeatedly due to continuous stirring so that the reaction proceeds further due to exposed iron surface.…”

“…The uniqueness of the present work is to study the effect of initial copper concentration to get cumulative copper deposition for two types of iron substrate (iron wire and iron powder) and study the kinetics of copper cementation at different temperatures and pH in order to examine the role of the above parameters on the reaction. The shrinking core model (SCM) could interpret the rate data satisfactorily (8). Finally, the size of the produced copper particles and their purity has been checked.…”

Determination of optimal conditions for pressure oxidative leaching of Sarcheshmeh Molybdenite concentrate using Taguchi method

“…Statistical Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for the molybdenum(C.F=80133 24). Statistical Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for the molybdenum(C.F=80133 24).…”