Optimism, hostility, and adjustment in the first year of high school

Boman, Peter; Yates, Gregory C. R.

doi:10.1348/000709901158587

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Moreover, the choice of the coping strategy shows to be constant over the course of time [29]. Low levels of dispositional optimism were observed in students who were particularly vulnerable to the normal difficulties encountered in scholastic environments and who developed intolerance or even hostility towards the school [30]. Also in the work environment a positive association was observed between optimism and performance, mediated by the positive influence that optimism has on coping strategies [31].…”

Section: Optimism and Copingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Optimism and Its Impact on Mental and Physical Well-Being

Conversano¹,

Rotondo²,

Lensi³

et al. 2010

CPEMH

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Many studies have been carried out about the effectiveness of optimism as a psychological phenomenon, leading to various theoretical formulations of the same concept, conceptualized as "disposition", "attributional style", "cognitive bias", or "shared illusion". This overview is an attempt to explore the "optimism" concept and its relations with mental health, physical health, coping, quality of life and adaptation of purpose, health lifestyle and risk perception.Positive and negative expectations regarding the future are important for understanding the vulnerability to mental disorders, in particular mood and anxiety disorders, as well as to physical illness. A significant positive relation emerges between optimism and coping strategies focused on social support and emphasis on positive aspects of stressful situations. Through employment of specific coping strategies, optimism exerts an indirect influence also on the quality of life. There is evidence that optimistic people present a higher quality of life compared to those with low levels of optimism or even pessimists. Optimism may significantly influence mental and physical well-being by the promotion of a healthy lifestyle as well as by adaptive behaviours and cognitive responses, associated with greater flexibility, problem-solving capacity and a more efficient elaboration of negative information.

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Section: Optimism and Copingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Optimism and Its Impact on Mental and Physical Well-Being

Conversano¹,

Rotondo²,

Lensi³

et al. 2010

CPEMH

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“…Cette étude est, à notre connaissance du moins, la première à s'être intéressée à cette variable de personnalité dans les anticipations envers le secondaire. Boman et Yates (2001) ont récemment montré que cette variable est reliée à l'adaptation des jeunes dans leur première année du secondaire. On peut se demander dans quelle mesure le lien observé par ces auteurs est médié par la nature des anticipations associées à l'optimisme.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Relations entre les facteurs du profil motivationnel d’élèves de sixième année du primaire et leurs anticipations envers le secondaire

Denoncourt

Bouffard

Dubois

et al. 2005

rse

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Le passage du primaire au secondaire représente un stress pour la majorité des élèves, sans qu’ils le perçoivent pour autant comme une étape entièrement négative. Jusqu’à maintenant, aucune étude n’a examiné les liens entre les anticipations des élèves de sixième année du primaire à l’égard du secondaire et leur profil motivationnel. La présente étude vise à comprendre comment les anticipations positives et négatives chez 793 élèves sont liées à des variables particulières. Les analyses font voir que l’optimisme, la hâte d’aller au secondaire, les buts d’apprentissage et la conception de l’intelligence sont reliés aux anticipations positives. Les mêmes variables présentent aussi des liens avec les anticipations négatives, le sexe des élèves et leur sentiment d’efficacité.The transition between primary school and high school represents a stressing event for the majority of the students. However, they do not perceive that transition as an entirely negative experience. Until today, no study has focused on the relationship between six graders’ anticipations towards high school and their motivational profile. The main objective of the present study is to understand how the positive and negative anticipations of 793 pupils are related to particular variables. The results of the analyses show that optimism, the eagerness to go to high school, the learning goals and the conception of intelligence are connected to positive anticipations. Those same variables are also related to negative anticipations, as well as to pupils’ gender and their feeling of effectiveness.La transición de la primaria a la secundaria representa un acontecimiento estresante para la mayoría de los alumnos, sin por eso que lo vean como una etapa totalmente negativa. Hasta ahora, ningún estudio ha examinado las relaciones entre las anticipaciones de los alumnos de sexto grado de primaria hacia la secundaria y su perfil motivacional. El presente estudio tiene por propósito entender cómo las anticipaciones positivas y negativas en 793 alumnos son ligadas a variables particulares. Los resultados de los análisis demuestran que el optimismo, el deseo anticipado de llegar a la secundaria, las metas de aprendizaje y la concepción de la inteligencia son relacionados con anticipaciones positivas. Asimismo, las mismas variables presentan relaciones con las anticipaciones negativas, el sexo de los alumnos y su sentimiento de eficacia.Die Versetzung von der Grundschule zur Sekundarstufe erweist sich für die Mehrheit der Schüler als ein stressiges Ereignis, ohne daß es von ihnen als ein total negativer Abschnitt angesehen wird. Bis heute hat noch keine Studie die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Erwartungen der Schüler der sechsten Grundschulklasse im Hinblick auf die Sekundarstufe, und dem Motivationsprofil, untersucht. Die gegenwärtige Studie zielt darauf ab, zu verstehen, wie die positiven und negativen Erwartungen bei 793 Schulern mit besonderen Variablen zusammenhängen. Die Ergebnisse der Analyse zeigen, daß der Optimismus, die Eile in die Sekundarstufe zu gelangen...

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“…In the work environment a positive association was observed between optimism and performance, mediated by the positive influence that optimism has on coping strategies [27][28][29][30][31]. Many studies have confirmed that optimists tend to use coping strategies that focalize on the problem more frequently compared to pessimists.…”

Section: Optimism and Copingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of a Test on Optimism Index: Peroma™ Perspective

Banerjee¹,

Yadav²,

Puri³

2016

JPCPY

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Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Every person desires for a happy and flourishing life and the major aspects leading to satisfied life revolve around the dynamism of emotions, engagement, relationships, meaningfulness and achievement, to these PEROMA model brings "OPTIMISM" as a catalyst by which these factors get stimulated and energized. Everybody understands the importance of the factors but work efficiently towards them also requires a push which is provided by optimism, it makes a person to look forward, have hope and be resilient. Positive emotion: AffectWhen someone asks whether one is satisfied with life or not, the answer depends majorly on the mood of the person at that moment. But when a person is optimistic the impact of emotions goes far beyond bringing smile to the face. Engagement: InvolvementAnyone cannot prosper by doing nothing but when we are occupied with our work and life, we become involved. Optimism here gives the momentum to leave the comfort zone and be immersed in the present moment. Relationship networkAll of us have a need to be loved and connected. Happiness is enhanced by developing strong networks of relationships around us. Optimism boosts the relationship by providing faith and hope to recognize the healthy relationships. Meaningfulness: PurposeWhen a person is dedicated to something great it becomes very significant and consequential. Optimism strengthens that the work a person is involved in has purpose and is consistent with the values and beliefs. Accomplishment/AchievementAchieving is not everything but everyone strives for attaining the goals and enjoy the journey. Optimism helps to anticipate and build hope for the future, to achieve well being and happiness with a sense of accomplishment. Literature ReviewIn the past few years, a significant number of researches have been carried out on optimism and its impact in the daily lives of an individual. Abstract"PEROMA" is a word which has been coined by Dr. (Prof.) Padmakali Banerjee. PEROMA comprises of Positive Emotions: Affect, Engagement: Involvement, Relationship Network, Optimism, Meaningfulness: Purpose and Accomplishment/ Achievement. The idea behind this concept is to develop an index on 'Optimism'. This index will rate the 'Optimism' factor of the organization, group or an individual which will facilitate to know how focused and well directed the approach is to bring well being and happiness to life. The model will indicate how 'Optimism' can enhance the other variables of PEROMA. 'Optimism' signifies the driving force to move towards the achievement of other elements. It will act as a tool, as a construct and theory to comprehend and advance the factors affecting well being of the individual. The concept will be used in several connotations in the areas of Management and Psychology. It will have its implications at the industry at large and towards the development of well being, hope and resilience at an individual level.

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Optimism, hostility, and adjustment in the first year of high school

Abstract: We conclude that young people are vulnerable to adjustment problems when levels of dispositional optimism are not sufficiently strong to counteract high expectations about the possibility of specific negative events occurring.

Cited by 37 publications

References 20 publications

Optimism and Its Impact on Mental and Physical Well-Being

Optimism and Its Impact on Mental and Physical Well-Being

Relations entre les facteurs du profil motivationnel d’élèves de sixième année du primaire et leurs anticipations envers le secondaire

Construction of a Test on Optimism Index: Peroma™ Perspective

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