Optimising physiochemical control of invasive Japanese knotweed

Abstract

Japanese knotweed, Fallopia japonica var. japonica, causes significant disruption to natural and managed habitats, and provides a model for the control of invasive rhizome-forming species. The socioeconomic impacts of the management of, or failure to manage, Japanese knotweed are enormous, annually costing hundreds of millions of pounds sterling (GBP£) in the UK alone. Our study describes the most extensive field-based assessment of F. japonica control treatments undertaken, testing the largest number of physical and/or chemical control treatments (19 in total) in replicated 225 m 2 plots over 3 years. Treatments focused on phenology, resource allocation and rhizome source-sink relationships to reduce the ecological impacts of controlling F. japonica. While no treatment completely eradicated F. japonica, a multiple-stage glyphosate-based treatment approach provided greatest control. Increasing herbicide dose did not improve knotweed control, but treatments that maximised glyphosate coverage, e.g., spraying versus stem injection, and exploited phenological changes in rhizome source-sink relationships caused the greatest reduction of basal cover and stem density after 3 years. When designing management Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

Survival and regeneration ability of clonal common milkweed (Asclepias syriaca L.) after a single herbicide treatment in natural open sand grasslands

“…This phenomenon was also reported by a study on invasive clonal Fallopia japonica control, wherein the species was resistant to all forms of treatment [33]. Because treatment during periods of low shoot numbers may only result in herbicide-translocation at dilute concentrations to a dormant bud bank, beginning herbicide treatment in years with high shoot numbers may be more effective.…”

“…The examined stand was treated by herbicide only once (in May 2014) over the 7-year study period (the treatment was not repeated at all). The time of the treatment (phenology) and the used chemical was suitable for a recent study of a basic model for the control of invasive clonal plants [33].…”

“…Clonality is common among invasive plants [24, 25,26]. The common reed Phragmites australis [27], alligator weed Alternanthera philoxeroides [28,29], Japanese knotweed Fallopia japonica [30][31][32][33], Solidago species [14,34], and Canada thistle Cirsium arvense [35,36] are examples of problematic invasive clonal species. Their success is partly due to translocation of water, nutrients, and photoassimilates among physically interconnected shoots [37][38][39][40][41][42].…”

Molecular Analysis of UV-C Induced Resveratrol Accumulation in Polygonum cuspidatum Leaves

“…It is a tall and resilient herbaceous perennial with woody rhizomes [1], native to East Asia in countries such as Korea, Japan and China. Although this plant has been recognized as an invasive species in Europe and North America [2,3], P. cuspidatum has an extraordinary value in phytotherapy. In China, the roots of P. cuspidatum have been long employed in traditional medicine to combat cough, hepatitis, infection, arthralgia, tumors, bronchitis, jaundice, bleeding, amenorrhea and hypertension [4][5][6].…”

The risk of total invasion of Reynоutria japonica in the new climate of Belarus

“…При этом следует знать, что эффективного средства борьбы с вредителем пока не найдено. Исходя из опубликованных в современной мировой литературе сведений, огромная опасность рейнутрии (подразумеваются рейнутрия японская и богемская -ее гибрид с рейнутрией сахалинской), как неистребимого сорняка, уже оценена как национальное бедствие в Бельгии и ряде прилегающих стран [9]. В ЦБС имеется многолетний опыт поиска и научного обоснования комплексных биорациональных методов борьбы с агрессивными интродуцентами с использованием химических средств защиты растений.…”