“…Selecting the most suitable heuristic for a specific problem is important to reach a near-optimal solution more quickly. However, this process requires consideration of various factors, such as the domain type, search space, computational time, and solution quality [12,65]. In the context of software optimization, the commonly used meta-heuristics include Genetic Algorithms, Simulated Annealing, Ant Colony Optimization, Local Search, Tabu Search, and Particle Swarm Optimization (see Fig.…”