“…Different from market-based algorithm, PSO, an centralized algorithm, can offer the global optimal solution, and it has been implemented to the field of task allocation, for example, Yu [33] presented an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm to improve the efficiency of resource scheduling, and this IPSO algorithm can overcome the problem of premature; Nethravathis et al [34] proposed a permutation optimization strategy based on PSO algorithm to solve the resource sharing among device-to-device communication problem; Lin et al [35] illustrated a new group method to divide rescue tasks into groups according to their distances, and employed an improved PSO algorithm to assign the grouped tasks to robots, results indicated that the proposed method can increase the success rate of rescue; Singh et al [36] presented a novel PSO algorithm for solving multi-objective flexible job-shop scheduling problem with the goal of finding approximations of the optimal solutions, and its results verified its effectiveness. From the above studies, PSO-based algorithms are effective to gain the optimal solutions, However, they are centralized algorithms, the global information is needed to present the optimal solution.…”