Optimal option of distributed generation technologies for various commercial buildings

Ruan, Yingjun; Liu, Qingrong; Zhang, Weiguo; Firestone, Ryan; Gao, Weijun; Watanabe, Toshiyuki

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.01.016

Cited by 124 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Further studies demonstrate that both FCs and MTGs are best suited for situations with a large and consistent electrical and thermal load as they take full advantage of all the products of the FC or MTG, and that for situations without a consistent thermal load, it is better to employ a generator with higher electrical efficiency [24,25] or to abandon attempts to recover heat in the DG system design [26]. It was also shown that buildings with low electrical load factors and large heating demand were well suited for GT installation [24].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers have examined the effects of electric load following, thermal load following, baseload operation, and other dispatch strategies [11,25,[32][33][34] as well as dispatch schedules determined through optimization [35,36]. Other efforts have focused on optimization methods that determine the DG installation size as well as the DG operation to minimize total cost [5,24,26,[37][38][39][40][41][42]. The current dispatch strategy used for this study is the economic dispatch strategy presented in [27].…”

Section: Economic Dispatch Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Economic and sensitivity analyses of dynamic distributed generation dispatch to reduce building energy cost

Flores

Shaffer

Brouwer

2014

Energy and Buildings

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a b s t r a c tThe practicality of any particular distributed generation (DG) installation depends upon its ability to reduce overall energy costs. A parametric study summarizing DG performance capabilities is developed using an economic dispatch strategy that minimizes building energy costs. Various electric rate structures are considered and applied to simulate meeting various measured building demand dynamics for heat and power. A determination of whether investment in DG makes economic sense is developed using a realtime dynamic dispatch and control strategy to meet real building demand dynamics. Under the economic dispatch strategy, capacity factor is influenced by DG electrical efficiency, operations and maintenance cost, and fuel price. Under a declining block natural gas rate structure, a large local thermal demand improves DG economics. Increasing capacity for DG that produces low cost electricity increases savings, but installing further capacity beyond the average building electrical demand reduces savings. For DG that produces high cost electricity, reducing demand charges can produce savings. Heat recovery improves capacity factor and DG economics only if thermal and electrical demand is coincident and DG heat is utilized. Potential DG economic value can be improved or impaired depending upon how the utility electricity cost is determined.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Economic Dispatch Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and sensitivity analyses of dynamic distributed generation dispatch to reduce building energy cost

Flores

Shaffer

Brouwer

2014

Energy and Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As stated in the introduction, many other optimization efforts have been presented [11,12,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. Many of these optimization methods determine the DG capacity and dispatch schedule that minimize total cost of energy.…”

Section: Optimal Dispatch Design For Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(12) ensures that the demand shifting component of the objective function is determined by the difference between the maximum on-peak and maximum monthly utility demand. Whenever the maximum utility demand has been shifted away from onpeak, D m will turn negative and reduce the objective function.…”

Section: Optimal Dispatch Design For Comparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FC and MTG systems that follow building electrical demand have been studied, showing that both technologies are best suited for situations with large and consistent electrical and thermal demand as they take full advantage of all the FC and MTG products (electricity and heat) and that for situations without a consistent thermal load, it is better to employ a generator with higher electrical efficiency [12,13]. FC systems capable of electric demand tracking were also used to show the need for low DG capital cost and high building thermal demand for economic viability [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic distributed generation dispatch strategy for lowering the cost of building energy

2014

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h i g h l i g h t sModels of utility rate structures and building energy demand dynamics were built. Distributed generation dispatch strategies for minimizing cost were developed. Dispatch strategies are applied to dynamic energy demands of various buildings. Demand charge shifting and demand charge reduction dispatch strategies lowered cost. a r t i c l e i n f o b s t r a c tThe practicality of any particular distributed generation installation depends upon its ability to reduce overall energy costs. A simple yet effective economic dispatch strategy with the goal to use distributed generation to minimize the cost of building energy is developed in this work. The strategy is designed to reduce the individual utility, operations and maintenance charges that increase the cost of energy. Various electric rate structures are modeled in detail and applied with the economic dispatch strategy to simulate meeting various measured building demand dynamics for heat and power. Using the economic dispatch strategy, various modes of operation, such as electric or thermal load following, peak shaving, peak shifting, or base-load operation are simulated. The economic dispatch strategy is compared to more traditional dispatch strategies to demonstrate its effectiveness in reducing total energy costs.

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Embedded System for the Communication and Monitoring of an Electric Microgrid Using IoT

García

Ortega

Romero

2018

Communications in Computer and Information Science

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Optimal option of distributed generation technologies for various commercial buildings

Cited by 124 publications

References 18 publications

Economic and sensitivity analyses of dynamic distributed generation dispatch to reduce building energy cost

Economic and sensitivity analyses of dynamic distributed generation dispatch to reduce building energy cost

Dynamic distributed generation dispatch strategy for lowering the cost of building energy

Embedded System for the Communication and Monitoring of an Electric Microgrid Using IoT

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