Optimal Loading Rates and Economic Analyses for Anaerobic Digestion of Poultry Waste

Collins, Alan R.; Murphy, Justin W.; Bainbridge, D. A.

doi:10.1080/10473289.2000.10464147

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Composting is increasingly utilized in many parts of the world to dispose of animal by‐products, for whole livestock carcases (Collins et al . ; Kalbasi et al . ; Stanford et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Composting is increasingly utilized in many parts of the world to dispose of animal by-products, for whole livestock carcases (Collins et al 2000;Kalbasi et al 2005;Stanford et al 2009) and also as a secondary treatment for animal by-products such as abattoir wastewater or sludge from anaerobic digestion (Mittal 2006;Arvanitoyannis and Ladas 2008). Animal by-products are usually co-composted with other feedstocks such as straw or woodchip so that the optimum carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and porosity is obtained (USDA 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A quantitative risk assessment for the safety of carcase storage systems for scrapie infected farms

et al. 2014

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“…Composting is increasingly utilized in many parts of the world to dispose of animal by‐products, for whole livestock carcases (Collins et al . ; Kalbasi et al . ; Stanford et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantitative risk assessment for the safety of carcase storage systems for scrapie infected farms

et al. 2014

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“…Potential conversion processes include anaerobic digestion, direct combustion, co-firing, and gasification. There have been several studies on the anaerobic digestion of poultry litter (Safley et al 1987;Collins et al 2000;and Kelleher et al 2002). These studies provide information on the design, cost, and feasibility of using anaerobic digestion to extract energy from poultry litter.…”

Section: Broiler Littermentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Fuel for Portland Cement Processing

Schindler¹,

Duke²,

Burch³

et al. 2012

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The production of cement involves a combination of numerous raw materials, strictly monitored system processes, and temperatures on the order of 1500 °C. Immense quantities of fuel are required for the production of cement. Traditionally, energy from fossil fuels was solely relied upon for the production of cement. The overarching project objective is to evaluate the use of alternative fuels to lessen the dependence on non-renewable resources to produce portland cement. The key objective of using alternative fuels is to continue to produce high-quality cement while decreasing the use of non-renewable fuels and minimizing the impact on the environment.Burn characteristics and thermodynamic parameters were evaluated with a laboratory burn simulator under conditions that mimic those in the preheater where the fuels are brought into a cement plant. A drop-tube furnace and visualization method were developed that show potential for evaluating time-and space-resolved temperature distributions for fuel solid particles and liquid droplets undergoing combustion in various combustion atmospheres. Downdraft gasification has been explored as a means to extract chemical energy from poultry litter while limiting the throughput of potentially deleterious components with regards to use in firing a cement kiln. Results have shown that the clinkering is temperature independent, at least within the controllable temperature range. Limestone also had only a slight effect on the fusion when used to coat the pellets. However, limestone addition did display some promise in regards to chlorine capture, as ash analyses showed chlorine concentrations of more than four times greater in the limestone infused ash as compared to raw poultry litter.A reliable and convenient sampling procedure was developed to estimate the combustion quality of broiler litter that is the best compromise between convenience and reliability by means of statistical analysis.Multi-day trial burns were conducted at a full-scale cement plant with alternative fuels to examine their compatibility with the cement production process. Construction and demolition waste, woodchips, and soybean seeds were used as alternative fuels at a full-scale cement production facility. These fuels were co-fired with coal and waste plastics. The alternative fuels used in this trial accounted for 5 to 16 % of the total energy consumed during these burns. The overall performance of the portland cement produced during the various trial burns performed for practical purposes very similar to the cement produced during the control burn. The cement plant was successful in implementing alternative fuels to produce a consistent, high-quality product that increased cement performance while reducing the environmental footprint of the plant. The utilization of construction and demolition waste, woodchips and soybean seeds proved to be viable replacements for traditional fuels. The future use of these fuels depends on local availability, associated costs, and compatibility with a facility's p...

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“…As hélices permitem homogeneizar o conteúdo do reator, de tal forma que, idealmente, as concentrações de qualquer composto sejam idênticas em qualquer ponto de seu interior, assim como em seu efluente. São mais adequados para tratamento de materiais com elevada concentração de sólidos(COLLINS et al, 2000) Biodigestores de lagoa coberta (BLC), também conhecidos como biodigestores modelo canadense, são reatores horizontais, com formato de paralelepípedo, com comprimento muito superior à altura e à largura e, por isso, demandam uma grande área. Podem ser enterrados ou não e podem ter agitação e aquecimento ou não.Geralmente são utilizados para materiais líquidos gerados em grande quantidade e que precisam de um tratamento antes de serem despejados na natureza.…”

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Aproveitamento energético de subprodutos das indústrias de etanol e biodiesel para a produção de metano e hidrogênio em sistema de duas etapas

Monteiro Galotti de Souza

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Ethanol and biodiesel industries stand out not only to produce biofuels, but also for the generation of residual biomass. Through anaerobic digestion (AD), it is possible to produce hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) from by-products of these industries. The goal of this work is to value vinasse, filter cake (FC), and glycerin, through anaerobic co-digestion (co-AD), to produce H2 and CH4 in a two-stage system. Three batch experiments on a laboratory scale were carried out: preliminary tests, to investigate the proportions of the three substrates that achieve the best biogas yields; the tests of optimum concentration of glycerin, to identify the optimum concentrations of the substrate to obtain the best biogas yields; and the Biochemical Hydrogen (BHP) and Methane (BMP) Potential, to compare anaerobic mono-digestion (mono-AD) and co-AD in terms of absolute production, yield and velocity of biogas, H2 and CH4 production,. Based on the results of BHP and BMP, an energetic and economic study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of producing and applying biogas in a real scenario in an ethanol plant. Preliminary tests indicated that high substrate concentrations (above 10 g VS L -1 ) have an inhibitory effect on biogas production, and that the balance of vinasse and FC proportions are beneficial for the process. The tests of optimum concentration of glycerin showed that concentrations above 30 g L -1 do not result in an increase in CH4 production. BHP and BMP showed that co-AD brings improvements in several operational parameters, such as yield and speed of biogas production, and pointed out advantages of using glycerin for H2 production. The co-AD of vinasse and glycerin resulted in 257,15 ml CH4 g VS -1 and 64,31 ml H2 g VS -1 . The energy evaluation indicated that, within the proposed scenario, it is possible to achieve production of 20 thousand Nm 3 of biogas per day and replace 30% of the diesel used by agricultural machinery, considering a plant with a processing capacity of 3 million tons of sugarcane per year (2,27 Nm 3 t -1

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Optimal Loading Rates and Economic Analyses for Anaerobic Digestion of Poultry Waste

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

A quantitative risk assessment for the safety of carcase storage systems for scrapie infected farms

A quantitative risk assessment for the safety of carcase storage systems for scrapie infected farms

Alternative Fuel for Portland Cement Processing

Aproveitamento energético de subprodutos das indústrias de etanol e biodiesel para a produção de metano e hidrogênio em sistema de duas etapas

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