Optimal Control Applied to Hepatitis C Therapy Considering Immune System

Peregrino, Alejandro; Esteva, Luis; Blé, Gamaliel

doi:10.18642/jpamaa_7100121911

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Due to the dangers of the disease progress towards liver cancer and death, many researches have been carried out to propose effective treatment strategies for HCV infection by using different control strategies. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] In previous works, [36][37][38][39][40] offline optimal control has been utilized to design effective methods for the HCV treatment. In these works, objective functions have been considered to minimize viral load, infected cells, and drug side effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the dangers of the disease progress towards liver cancer and death, many researches have been carried out to propose effective treatment strategies for HCV infection by using different control strategies 36–43 . In previous works, 36–40 offline optimal control has been utilized to design effective methods for the HCV treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Observer‐based controller for treatment of hepatitis C infection using fractional order model

Zeinali

Shahrokhi

Pishro

2022

Math Methods in App Sciences

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In this study, a stable observer‐based feedback controller has been designed for treatment of hepatitis C infectious disease under interferon (IFN) therapy. In order to consider the memory behavior and uncertain nature of this biological system, an unknown dynamics fractional‐order (FO) model has been utilized for describing the interactions between the healthy cells, infected cells, and hepatitis C virus (HCV). To cope with unknown dynamics, the fuzzy logic system (FLS) has been utilized. Limitation of the drug efficacy due to its negative side effects has been taken into account as an input saturation. In order to estimate the unknown states which are required for treatment, a full‐order fuzzy observer has been designed. Stability of the closed‐loop system in the presence of observer dynamics, input limitation, and unknown system dynamics has been established via the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed controller has been demonstrated via a simulation study. Simulation results indicate that under the proposed treatment strategy, all system states remain bounded, and the infected cells concentration decreases to the cure boundary.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the dangers of the disease progress towards liver cancer and death, many researches have been carried out to propose effective treatment strategies for HCV infection by using different control strategies 36–43 . In previous works, 36–40 offline optimal control has been utilized to design effective methods for the HCV treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observer‐based controller for treatment of hepatitis C infection using fractional order model

Zeinali

Shahrokhi

Pishro

2022

Math Methods in App Sciences

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“…The Neumann model, as the most common mathematical model of HCV, as well as the PK/PD equations have been utilized to simulate the behaviors of the hepatitis-C-infected patients. The control objective is to reduce the viral load to a threshold that is called the cure boundary. , Different control strategies have been proposed for the treatment of hepatitis C infection. − Chakrabarty et al , presented the treatment methods for the monotherapy, as well as the combination therapy, by considering an objective function and minimizing the viral load, number of infected cells, and the drug side effects. Also, a control technique has been proposed for hepatitis C disease by considering the role of the immune system on the viral load decline.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…44−47 Chakrabarty et al 44,45 presented the treatment methods for the monotherapy, as well as the combination therapy, by considering an objective function and minimizing the viral load, number of infected cells, and the drug side effects. Also, a control technique has been proposed 47 for hepatitis C disease by considering the role of the immune system on the viral load decline. Again, an objective function has been utilized for finding the control input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observer-Based Impulsive Controller Design for Treatment of Hepatitis C Disease

Zeinali

Shahrokhi

Ibeas

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this study, an impulsive state feedback controller has been proposed for the treatment of hepatitis-C-infected patients under Pegylated-Interferon (PEG-IFN-α 2b ) therapy. The Neumann model has been utilized as the representative of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) dynamics. In order to consider the drug efficacy variation between injections, the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) equations have been included in the model. The impulsive nature of the drug injection also has been considered in the disease dynamics. In the proposed treatment method, the drug dose limitation has been addressed as an input nonlinearity. The asymptotical stability of the control method under the impulsive nature of the drug administration and its limited dose amount have been shown through the use of a combination of a heuristic approach and the Lyapunov theory. For the implementation of the control strategy, all system states should be available, while only the viral load is measured at certain discrete times. In order to solve this problem, a nonlinear impulsive Luenberger-like observer has been designed to estimate the unknown states. Finally, the effectiveness of the controller under impulsive and limited input with and without the observer has been investigated via simulation study. The results show that, in both cases, the treatment objective has been achieved and the viral load decreases to its desired value. The observer also has good performance, and the estimated states converge to their actual values.

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A minimum principle for stochastic control of hepatitis C epidemic model

et al. 2023

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In this paper, we discussed a stochastic optimal control of hepatitis C that minimizes the side effect and reduces the viral load. The control variables represent the drug therapy used for blocking a new infection and virus production. The solution of control problem is solved using the stochastic minimum principle and a four-step scheme. The numerical simulation is carried out to justify the theoretical analysis. The result shows that using both types of drugs for therapy is much more effective.

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Optimal Control Applied to Hepatitis C Therapy Considering Immune System

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Observer‐based controller for treatment of hepatitis C infection using fractional order model

Observer‐based controller for treatment of hepatitis C infection using fractional order model

Observer-Based Impulsive Controller Design for Treatment of Hepatitis C Disease

A minimum principle for stochastic control of hepatitis C epidemic model

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