Optimal Biomethane Injection into Natural Gas Grid – Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) in Malaysia

Hoo, Poh Ying; Patrizio, Piera; Leduc, Sylvain; Hashim, Haslenda; Kraxner, Florian; Tan, Sie Ting; Ho, Wai Shin

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.357

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Natarajan et al [25] developed the BeWhere model to investigate optimal locations for biodiesel production plants in Finland, and Khatiwada et al [26] applied the model to optimize ethanol and electricity production in sugarcane biorefineries in Brazil. The case for biogas for transport in Italy was discussed by Patrizio et al [27], while the optimal biomethane (from palm oil mill effluent) injection into the natural gas grid in Malaysia was investigated by Hoo et al [28]. Other studies using the BeWhere model can be found in Leduc et al [23].…”

Section: Framework For Analyzing the Palm Biomass Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All mills are assumed to operate for 4800 h per year (h/y). Previous studies used operating hours ranging between 3600 [28] and 6000 h/y [7]. In reality, every mill has different operating hours.…”

Section: Processing Ffb In Palm Oil Millsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis was carried out using R code following the steps described in [56] by first observing the response (i.e., total cost and total profit) for each factor using a box plot, identifying the significant effects with a theoretical model, and confirming the most significant effects using normal probability plots. Previous studies used operating hours ranging between 3600 [28] and 6000 h/y [7]. The reference value of 4800 h/y was chosen, with 4000 h/y as the lower level and 4900 h/y as the upper level.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunities to Optimize the Palm Oil Supply Chain in Sumatra, Indonesia

et al. 2019

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Significant amounts of biomass residues were generated in Indonesia. While untreated, residues emit greenhouse gases during the decomposition process. On the other hand, if efficiently utilized, these residues could be used to produce value-added products. This study investigates opportunities for harnessing the full potential of palm oil residues (i.e., empty fruit bunches, kernel shells, fiber, and mill effluent). As far as we are aware, the study is the first attempt to model the palm oil supply chain in a geographically explicit way while considering regional infrastructures in Sumatra Island, Indonesia. The BeWhere model, a mixed integer linear programming model for energy system optimization, was used to assess the costs and benefits of optimizing the regional palm oil supply chain. Different scenarios were investigated, considering current policies and new practices leading to improved yields in small-scale plantations and power grid connectivity. The study shows that a more efficient palm oil supply chain can pave the way for the country to meet up to 50% of its national bioenergy targets by 2025, and emission reductions of up to 40 MtCO 2 eq/year. As much as 50% of the electricity demand in Sumatra could be met if residues are efficiently used and grid connections are available. We recommend that system improvements be done in stages. In the short to medium term, improving the smallholder plantation yield is the most optimal way to maximize regional economic gains from the palm oil industry. In the medium to long term, improving electricity grid connection to palm oil mills could bring higher economic value as excess electricity is commercialized.

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Section: Framework For Analyzing the Palm Biomass Supply Chainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Processing Ffb In Palm Oil Millsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensitivity Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunities to Optimize the Palm Oil Supply Chain in Sumatra, Indonesia

et al. 2019

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“…The simulated factors -feed-in-tariff, quota variation and transhipment pathway of bioCNG showed that the proposed PO processing cluster can increase mill's annual income. In a separate study, an optimal BioCNG injection into natural gas grid and distribution to potential identified areas in the Peninsular Malaysia was assessed using the BeWhere techno-economic model considering cost and emission minimisation throughout the biogas supply chain (Hoo et al, 2017). In order to make bioCNG a competitive energy option, biogas injection stations must be within vicinity to biogas capturing plants.…”

Section: Biomass and Bioenergymentioning

confidence: 99%

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2017 – Review Article

Kushairi¹

2018

JOPR

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Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has emerged as a major economic crop feeding the world today. This article aims to capture the more recent progress made by the oil palm industry and to discuss the possible path research and development will take in the coming years. In 2017, palm oil and palm kernel oil production recorded close to one-third (75.17 million tonnes) of world total oils and fats production from a planted area of 19.04 million hectares, mainly from Indonesia and Malaysia. Malaysian palm oil alone fetched RM 46.12 billion export revenue from its India and European Union markets. The continuous growth of the industry is made possible through implementation of key strategies covering the whole process chain, from upstream to downstream. Intensified mechanisation, integrated pest and Ganoderma management, advanced breeding and biotechnology as well as good agricultural practices help boost oil palm yields for both plantations and smallholdings. In the palm oil milling sector, focus such as by-products valorisation, biogas (productivity, trapping and utilisation as a form of energy) and wastewater management, i.e. palm oil mill effluent for final discharge compliance ensures that the industry meets its sustainable goals. Palm oil is generally used for edible purpose, however about 20% goes into higher value non-food applications such as palm biodiesel.The beneficial nutritional aspects of palm oil are evident based on its positional distribution and fatty acids composition, while its quality enhanced via technology integration/mitigation and analytical elucidations.Facing strong competition from petrochemicals, palm-based oleochemicals are strategically aimed at producing value-added products for niche and new markets. It is apparent that synergising conventional and disruptive technologies at every level of the palm oil supply chain is desirable and essential to thrust the industry forward. As a commodity, palm oil has not only emerged as an important food source, but has proven to be effectively utilised for feed, fuels and chemicals, to name a few, in developing a sustainable and balanced circular economy.

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“…While agricultural residues make a significant contribution to the realization of economic activities, particularly in the rural area, through various mechanisms for the exploitation of materials and energy [5]. The objective of the work is therefore to contribute to a quantitative evaluation of the deposits of the main fermentable organic fractions of residues generated by agricultural activities in Côte d'Ivoire and their potential for energy recovery through anaerobic digestion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Biogas Production Potential by Anaerobic Digestion of Fermentable Agricultural Residues in Côte d’Ivoire

Abo¹,

Kalakodio²,

Bakayoko³

2017

Int J Waste Resour

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IntroductionAnaerobic digestion is the natural biological process of organic matter's degradation in absence of oxygen (anaerobic). Some of the organic matter is degraded to methane, and another is used by the methanogenic microorganisms for their growth and reproduction. The decomposition is not complete and leaves the "digestate".Naturally, it occurs in some sediments, marshes, rice fields, and in the digestive tract of certain animals: insects (termites) or vertebrates (ruminants). Anaerobic digestion is also a technique artificially applied by men in digester where the process is accelerated and maintained to produce a usable methane (biogas, referred to as biomethane after purification).The great interest of methanisation plants on farms is the diversification of their production, through the generation of renewable energy (from biogas) in the organic amendments' production through optimized treatment of the organic waste from the farm. Anaerobic digestion is particularly interesting in the context of precarious countries, as in the case of Côte d'Ivoire, not only because it contributes to the treatment of fermentable organic residues and to the management of pollution, but also because it offers, through its main products (biogas as a source of energy and solid digestate as an organic soil amendment), solutions and income-generating options. This method of treatment is applicable to a wide range of cellulosic organic wastes, including cow dung, poultry manure, pig manure, human excreta, plant residues, fermentable fractions of household refuse and industrial waste agrifoodstuffs are characterized by their aptitude for recovery by aerobic and anaerobic biological treatments and a relatively rapid decomposition especially in the climates of intertropical countries. Also, these residues contribute to the emission of unpleasant odors, air pollution, pollution of ground and surface waters, and the proliferation of insect vectors of diseases. Anaerobic digestion is therefore an interesting alternative especially for rural areas because of its potential for production from AbstractAnaerobic digestion is the natural biological process of organic matter's degradation in absence of oxygen (anaerobic). In this work we estimated the potential of biogas production by anaerobic digestion of fermentable residues from agricultural origin in Côte d'Ivoire. To date, no quantitative estimation or physicochemical parameters of agricultural residues have been undertaken on a national scale in Côte d'Ivoire.This work gives an initial contribution to the estimation of biogas production potential by the anaerobic digestion process of agricultural residues. It was developed on the basis of statistical data from FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) and other structures related to agricultural production.This study revealed that total agricultural residues were estimated to be more than 5.0 × 10 6 tons of organic matter or the equivalent of more than 10 × 10 8 m 3 of methane in terms of potential energy by ...

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Optimal Biomethane Injection into Natural Gas Grid – Biogas from Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) in Malaysia

Cited by 35 publications

References 5 publications

Opportunities to Optimize the Palm Oil Supply Chain in Sumatra, Indonesia

Opportunities to Optimize the Palm Oil Supply Chain in Sumatra, Indonesia

OIL PALM ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN MALAYSIA AND R&D PROGRESS IN 2017 – Review Article

Evaluation of the Biogas Production Potential by Anaerobic Digestion of Fermentable Agricultural Residues in Côte d’Ivoire

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